Peran friends of the earth dalam kasus sengketa tanah antara warga masyarakat dengan Astra Group di Sulawesi Tengah dan Barat = The role of friends of the earth in land dispute case between local communities and Astra Group in Central and West Sulawesi

Putri, Sisilia (2024) Peran friends of the earth dalam kasus sengketa tanah antara warga masyarakat dengan Astra Group di Sulawesi Tengah dan Barat = The role of friends of the earth in land dispute case between local communities and Astra Group in Central and West Sulawesi. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Globalisasi menghadirkan perusahaan multinasional sebagai aktor yang dominan dalam ekonomi politik internasional. Besarnya peran yang dimainkan oleh perusahaan dapat membuat diabaikannya HAM dalam operasi bisnis. Di Indonesia, Astra Group yang beroperasi di Sulawesi Tengah dan Barat untuk mengelola komoditas sawit diduga terlibat dalam kasus sengketa tanah dengan warga masyarakat. Pembentukan berbagai perjanjian dan peraturan yang mengharuskan seluruh aktor negara dan non negara untuk menghormati HAM tampaknya belum sepenuhnya dapat menangani pelanggaran yang terjadi. Melalui penelitian ini, penulis hendak memperlihatkan pendekatan akar rumput yang dilakukan oleh Friends of the Earth dalam mendorong terwujudnya penegakan HAM. Dengan perspektif Liberalisme Klasik yang diikuti dengan konsep Globalisasi, Aktor Non Negara, serta Bisnis dan HAM, penelitian ini menjelaskan pula terkait faktor yang melatarbelakangi kasus sengketa tanah yang kerap diikuti oleh tindakan kekerasan dan intimidasi oleh pihak perusahaan. Penelitian dikaji menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif, serta memperoleh data sekunder melalui studi kepustakaan dan sumber daring. Data yang telah didapatkan kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian menghasilkan temuan bahwa kasus ini berakar pada kesenjangan tata kelola nasional dan perbedaan kepentingan antara negara dan perusahaan. Keterlibatan aktor negara dalam pelanggaran yang dilakukan Astra Group juga semakin mempersulit penyelesaian kasus. Menanggapi hal itu, Friends of the Earth menggunakan strategi Internationalist Solidarity System dalam pelaksanaan kampanye global, pembuatan petisi, dan memberikan tekanan pada merek konsumen global untuk berhenti memasok sawit dari Astra Group. Upaya ini berdampak pada ditangguhkannya Astra Group dari merek konsumen global, dan penghapusan Astra International dan Jardine Matheson dari dana pensiun Norwegia. /Globalization has positioned multinational corporations as dominant actors in the international political economy. The significant role played by these companies often leads to disregarding human rights within their business operations. In Indonesia, Astra Group, operating in Central and West Sulawesi to manage palm oil commodities, is reportedly involved in land disputes with local communities. Establishing various treaties and regulations mandating state and non-state actors to uphold human rights appears insufficient to fully address such violations. This study aims to highlight the grassroots approach employed by Friends of the Earth in advocating for human rights enforcement. Using the perspective of Classical Liberalism accompanied by the concepts of Globalization, Non-State Actors, and Business and Human Rights, the research also explores the factors underlying the land dispute, often accompanied by acts of violence and intimidation by corporate actors. The study adopts a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, relying on secondary data collected through literature reviews and online sources. The data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. The findings of this research prove that this case is rooted in gaps in national governance and differences in interests between the state and companies. The involvement of state actors in violations committed by Astra Group further complicates the resolution of the case. In response, Friends of the Earth implemented the Internationalist Solidarity System strategy, conducting global campaigns, submitting petitions, and pressuring global consumer brands to cease sourcing palm oil from Astra Group. These efforts resulted in Astra Group's suspension by global consumer brands, and the removal of Astra International and Jardine Matheson from Norway's government pension fund.
Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
Putri, Sisilia
NIM01043210021
sisiliaputri861@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
Contributors
NIDN/NIDK
Email
Thesis advisor
Patading, Gusti
NIDN0324088603
gusti.patading@uph.edu
Uncontrolled Keywords: ham; sengketa tanah; friends of the earth; globalisasi; Astra Group; human rights; land disputes; friends of the earth; globalization; Astra Group.
Subjects: J Political Science > JZ International relations
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Depositing User: SISILIA PUTRI
Date Deposited: 25 Dec 2024 17:03
Last Modified: 25 Dec 2024 17:03
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/65933

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