Pelindungan data pribadi anak di Indonesia ditinjau dari perspektif keadilan bermartabat

Kusumawardani, Qur'ani Dewi (2024) Pelindungan data pribadi anak di Indonesia ditinjau dari perspektif keadilan bermartabat. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pengguna internet anak di Indonesia memiliki presentase yang tinggi dan meningkat dari tahun ke tahun. Anak-anak sering tak sengaja mengungkapkan informasi melalui berbagai platform, seperti media sosial, aplikasi dan situs web. Menurut Data Statista, sebanyak 80% anak-anak Indonesia berusia 10-18 tahun aktif di platform media sosial. Padahal platform tersebut dapat mengumpulkan data sensitif anak seperti aktivitas, minat, karakteristik, kebiasaan dan perilaku daring. Akibatnya data dapat dimanfaatkan oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggungjawab dan menimbulkan kerugian serius bagi anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk pertama, menganalisis kelemahan dalam regulasi perlindungan data pribadi anak di Indonesia, kedua, menganalisis kesenjangan antara regulasi dengan praktik pada ranah implementasi perlindungan data pribadi anak di Indonesia serta ketiga, mengembangkan sistem perlindungan data pribadi anak di Indonesia yang berbasis keadilan bermartabat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Pertama, masih terdapat beberapa kelemahan pada pelindungan data pribadi anak di Indonesia yaitu UU PDP belum mengatur batasan usia anak, UU PDP hanya berbasis pada indikator sentralitas consent orang tua yang dapat menyiratkan pengurangan tanggungjawab pengendali data, UU PDP belum berbasis keadilan bermartabat, adanya potensi antinomi antara Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia tahun 1945 dengan UU No. 27 tahun 2022 tentang Pelindungan Data Pribadi, UU PDP tidak secara khusus mengatur tentang profiling anak, serta UU PDP tidak mengatur mengenai verifikasi consent orang tua/wali. Kedua, masih terdapat gap antara das sein dan das sollen. Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya literasi digital, kurangnya pemahaman tentang risiko privasi, lemahnya penegakan hukum, peningkatan kasus pelanggaran privasi anak dan rendahnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam menjaga data pribadi berkontribusi pada kerentanan anak terhadap berbagai bentuk pelanggaran privasi. Ketiga, dilakukan melalui dua konsep pendekatan, yaitu pertama penyelarasan antara pikiran Tuhan (lex aeterna) dan hukum jiwa bangsa (volkgeist) yang berdasar pada Pancasila melalui pendekatan human-centric/ ngewomgke-wong dalam penyusunan regulasi turunan UU PDP dan kebijakan untuk melindungi data pribadi anak secara bermartabat. Kedua, menggunakan pendekatan holistik/ intersektoral/ penta-helix melalui kerjasama berbagai pihak untuk mengembangkan strategi kebijakan pelindungan data pribadi anak yang komprehensif melalui model persetujuan bertingkat berdasar usia anak secara gradual (tiered consent) dan pendekatan berbasis risiko untuk menghindari detrimental use of children data dan menciptakan Keadilan Sosial bagi Seluruh Anak Indonesia. / Child internet users in Indonesia have a high percentage and are increasing yearly. Children often accidentally reveal information through various platforms, such as social media, applications and websites. According to Statista, as many as 80% of Indonesian children aged 10-18 are active on social media platforms. These platforms can collect children's sensitive data such as activities, interests, characteristics, habits and online behavior. As a result, data can be used by irresponsible parties and cause serious harm to children. This study aims first to analyze weaknesses in regulations on the protection of children's data in Indonesia, second to analyze the gap between regulations and practices in the realm of implementing children's personal data protection in Indonesia and third, to develop a system for protecting children's data in Indonesia that is based on dignified justice. This study uses a normative legal method. The results of this study are as follows: First, there are still several areas for improvement in protecting children's data in Indonesia. Namely, the PDP Law does not regulate the age limit of children, the PDP Law is only based on the indicator of the centrality of parental consent, which can imply a reduction in the responsibility of data controllers, the PDP Law is not based on dignified justice, there is a potential antinomy between the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law No. 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection, the PDP Law does not specifically regulate child profiling, and the PDP Law does not regulate verification of parental/guardian consent. Second, there is still a gap between das sein and das sollen. The gap occurs due to a lack of digital literacy, a lack of understanding of privacy risks, weak law enforcement, an increase in cases of violations of children's privacy and low public awareness in protecting personal data contribute to children's vulnerability to various forms of privacy violations. Third, it is carried out through two conceptual approaches, namely the first alignment between God's mind (lex aeterna) and the law of the soul of the nation (volkgeist) based on Pancasila through a human-centric/ ngewongke-wong approach in the preparation of derivative regulations of the PDP Law and policies to protect children's data with dignity. Second, using a holistic approach through cooperation between various parties to develop a comprehensive child personal data protection policy strategy through a tiered consent model based on the child's age gradually (tiered consent) and a risk-based approach to avoid detrimental use of children data and create Social Justice for All Indonesian Children.
Item Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
Kusumawardani, Qur'ani Dewi
NIM01657190034
quranidewi@mail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
Contributors
NIDN/NIDK
Email
Thesis advisor
Prasetyo, Teguh
NIDN0606076101
prof.teguh.prasetyo@gmail.com
Thesis advisor
Purwaka, Tommy Hendra
NIDN9903259401
tommypurwaka@gmail.com
Uncontrolled Keywords: pelindungan data pribadi ; data anak ; keadilan bermartabat
Subjects: K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law
Depositing User: Qur'ani Dewi Kusumawardani
Date Deposited: 22 Apr 2025 10:29
Last Modified: 22 Apr 2025 10:29
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/68141

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