Indonesia, as a islan nation faces significant challenges in combating illegal fishing, which threatens its economic interests and marine ecosystems. This study examines the regulatory framework governing illegal fishing under both international and Indonesian law, as well as the judiciary’s stance on adjudicating related cases. Employing a normative legal research method and case-based approach, the study analyzes secondary data derived from legal regulations, literature, and court documents. Findings reveal notable efforts in law enforcement but highlight existing limitations in resources and infrastructure, which hinder effective management. The research concludes with an emphasis on the necessity of enhanced international cooperation and strengthened national capacity to address illegal fishing effectively.