Analisis hubungan prediktif faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku menyisakan makanan = Analysis of predictive relationship of factors that influence food waste behavior

Angelica, Angelica (2020) Analisis hubungan prediktif faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku menyisakan makanan = Analysis of predictive relationship of factors that influence food waste behavior. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Food is a primary human need that must be fulfilled, but according to FAO (2015) there are around 1.3 billion tons of food wasted each year. Based on data from The Economist Intelligence Unit, in November 2018, Indonesia was ranked 15th out of 67 countries that threw away the most food. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the predictive relationship of the factors that influence a person's food waste behavior using the PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling) method because this method is very suitable for research aimed at developing theory. The stages of PLS-SEM analysis are done by conceptualizing the model, determining the method of algorithm analysis and resampling, drawing a path diagram, and evaluating the model. In the initial model there are 4 variables and 4 hypotheses which were processed using 193 respondents' data. From the results obtained, there are 3 hypotheses that are accepted because they have a T-value > 1.96. The greater the T-value owned, the greater the influence of the hypothesis. The three hypotheses are that food influences the intention to avoid food waste (2.530), humans influence the intention to avoid food waste (2.174), and the intention to avoid food waste affects the food waste behavior (4.107). In this model, the relationship is weak because it has an R-square value < 0.25 for the intention to avoid food waste variables (0.222) and the food waste behavior variables (0.163). Because the results obtained were not optimal, a new model was proposed that might prove more hypotheses. The proposed model consists of 4 variables and 5 hypotheses. Based on the results that has been done, the five hypotheses are proven and have a T-value > 1.96. Three hypotheses in this proposed model are hypotheses that have been proven in the initial model and there are two new hypotheses. Both of these hypotheses are the values and norms that have an effect on humans (4.156) and humans influence on the food waste behavior (3.084). In this proposed model, the relationship is also weak because it has an R-square value < 0.25 for human variables (0.172), the intention to avoid food waste (0.200), and the food waste behavior (0.249). Pangan merupakan kebutuhan dasar manusia yang harus dipenuhi, namun menurut FAO (2015) setiap tahunnya terdapat sekitar 1,3 milyar ton makanan yang terbuang. Berdasarkan data The Economist Intelligence Unit (November 2018) negara Indonesia berada pada peringkat ke-15 dari 67 negara yang membuang makanan terbanyak. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan prediktif faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perilaku seseorang dalam menyisakan makanan dengan metode PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling) karena metode ini sangat sesuai untuk penelitian yang bertujuan mengembangkan teori. Tahapan pada analisis PLS-SEM yaitu mengkonseptualisasi model, menentukan metode algoritma dan resampling, menggambar diagram jalur, dan mengevaluasi model. Pada model awal terdapat 4 variabel dan 4 hipotesis yang diolah menggunakan data 193 responden. Dari hasil yang diperoleh, terdapat 3 hipotesis yang diterima karena memiliki nilai T-value > 1,96. Semakin besar nilai T-value yang dimiliki, maka semakin besar pengaruh dari hipotesis tersebut. Ketiga hipotesis tersebut adalah makanan berpengaruh terhadap niatan menghindari menyisakan makanan (2,530), perilaku manusia berpengaruh terhadap niatan menghindari menyisakan makanan (2,174), dan niatan menghindari menyisakan makanan berpengaruh terhadap perilaku menyisakan makanan (4,107). Pada model ini, hubungan yang dimiliki bersifat lemah karena memiliki nilai R-square < 0,25 untuk variabel niatan menghindari menyisakan makanan (0,222) dan variabel perilaku menyisakan makanan (0,163). Karena hasil yang diperoleh belum maksimal, diusulkan model baru yang mungkin dapat membuktikan lebih banyak hipotesis. Model usulan yang diberikan terdiri dari 4 variabel dan 5 hipotesis. Berdasarkan hasilyang diperoleh, kelima hipotesis terbukti dan memiliki nilai T-value > 1,96. Tiga hipotesis pada model usulan ini merupakan hipotesis yang telah terbukti pada model awal dan terdapat dua hipotesis baru, yaitu nilai dan norma yang dimiliki berpengaruh terhadap perilaku manusia (4,156) dan perilaku manusia berpengaruh terhadap perilaku menyisakan makanan (3,084). Pada model usulan ini, hubungan yang dimiliki juga bersifat lemah karena memiliki nilai R-square < 0,25 untuk variabel perilaku manusia (0,172), niatan menghindari menyisakan makanan (0,200), dan perilaku menyisakan makanan (0,249).

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