Kedudukan hukum gambar yang dihasilkan oleh kecerdasan buatan sebagai objek jual beli dalam akta notaris = The Legal status of images generated by artificial intelligence as objects of sale and purchase in notarial deeds

Tania, Florencia Imanuelia (2025) Kedudukan hukum gambar yang dihasilkan oleh kecerdasan buatan sebagai objek jual beli dalam akta notaris = The Legal status of images generated by artificial intelligence as objects of sale and purchase in notarial deeds. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Perkembangan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) telah menghasilkan berbagai karya digital, termasuk gambar, yang memiliki nilai estetika maupun komersial yang cukup tinggi. Meskipun demikian, hukum positif Indonesia hingga saat ini belum mengakui AI sebagai subjek hukum ataupun sebagai pencipta, sehingga menimbulkan permasalahan terkait status kepemilikan (ownership) atas karya yang dihasilkan. Permasalahan ini menjadi semakin relevan ketika gambar hasil AI dijadikan sebagai objek dalam perjanjian jual beli pada akta notaris. Ketidakjelasan status hukum terhadap objek tersebut berpotensi menimbulkan sengketa, terutama dalam ranah hukum perdata dan kenotariatan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan ilmu hukum yang berkaitan dengan AI dan kenotariatan di Indonesia, mengetahui kedudukan hukum gambar hasil AI sebagai objek jual beli dalam akta notaris, serta memberikan solusi atas permasalahan legalitasnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode normatif-empiris yaitu melihat pada peraturan perundang-undangan dan implementasi nyata dalam masyarakat. Perolehan data penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif, yang mencakup studi kepustakaan serta wawancara dengan Henry Soelistyo Budi dan Riyo Hanggoro selaku praktisi dan akademisi. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa apabila proses penciptaan gambar melibatkan prompting yang unik, spesifik, dan khusus serta dilakukannya kurasi oleh manusia yang mencerminkan kontribusi intelektual, maka memberikan ruang interpretasi akan unsur orisinalitas dapat dipenuhi sehingga membuka kemungkinan perlindungan hak cipta. Selanjutnya, disaat dewasa ini regulasi memang masih belum ada, maka akta notaris berperan untuk memberikan kepastian hukum dan selama akta tidak dibatalkan melalui putusan pengadilan, maka akta tersebut tetap memiliki kekuatan pembuktian yang sempurna. Lalu, apabila notaris telah memenuhi kewajiban formil serta melakukan usaha verifikasi yang wajar, ia sepatutnya tidak dapat dibebani tanggung jawab atas permasalahan yang timbul dari kebenaran materiil isi perjanjian dalam aktanya tersebut. / The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has led to the creation of various digital works, including images, which possess significant aesthetic and commercial value. Nevertheless, Indonesian positive law has yet to recognize AI as a legal subject or as a creator, thereby raising issues regarding the ownership status of AI-generated works. This issue becomes relevant when such images are used as objects of sale and purchase in notarial deeds. The legal uncertainty surrounding these objects has the potential to give rise to disputes, particularly within the realm of civil law and notarial practice. Accordingly, this thesis aims to develop legal scholarship concerning AI and notarial affairs in Indonesia, to determine the legal status of AI-generated images as objects of sale and purchase in notarial deeds, and to provide solutions to the legal challenges that arise in this context. This research employs a normative-empirical method by examining relevant regulations as well as real occurrences and practices observed in society. Data collection is conducted qualitatively through literature studies and interviews with Henry Soelistyo Budi and Riyo Hanggoro, who are both legal practitioners and academics. This research concludes that if the image creation process involves unique, specific, and complex prompting along with human curation which reflects intellectual contribution, then it opens the possibility of fulfilling the originality requirement for copyright protection. Furthermore, in the absence of specific regulations at present, notarial deeds serve an essential role in providing legal certainty. As long as a notarial deed is not annulled by a court decision, it retains its probative value. Moreover, if a notary has fulfilled their formal obligations and made reasonable verification efforts, they should not be held liable for legal issues arising from the material truth of the agreement’s contents.
Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
Tania, Florencia Imanuelia
NIM01656230026
florenciatann@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
Contributors
NIDN/NIDK
Email
Thesis advisor
Sidabukke, Sahat Marulitua
NIDN0327058502
sahat.sidabukke@lecturer.uph.edu
Uncontrolled Keywords: Artificial Intelligence ; Image Generator ; Notarial Deed ; Deed of Sale
Subjects: K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Notary
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Notary
Depositing User: Florencia Imanuelia Tania
Date Deposited: 25 Jun 2025 08:39
Last Modified: 25 Jun 2025 08:39
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/68924

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