Efektivitas intervensi diet dan kepatuhan pengobatan dalam mengontrol glukosa darah pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2: kajian literatur sistematis

Ayu, Cantika, Boki, Reza and Ziliwu, Terima (2025) Efektivitas intervensi diet dan kepatuhan pengobatan dalam mengontrol glukosa darah pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2: kajian literatur sistematis. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Intervensi diet dan kepatuhan pengobatan penting dalam mengontrol glukosa darah pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DM tipe 2), mengingat prevalensi penyakit ini yang terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas kedua intervensi tersebut dalam mengontrol glukosa darah pasien DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian literatur sistematis dengan thematic analysis: a simplified approach, menggunakan empat database pencarian literatur yakni PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, Scopus. Proses pencarian didasarkan pada kriteria inklusi yaitu penelitian dalam lima tahun terakhir (2019-2024), artikel Bahasa inggris, artikel Bahasa Indonesia, artikel dengan desain randomized controlled trial serta artikel full text dan kriteria eksklusi yaitu artikel kajian literatur sistematis, dan artikel berbayar. Kata kunci yang digunakan untuk pencarian artikel berasal dari tabel PICOS dan similarity MeSH Term. Hasil pencarian artikel didokumentasikan dalam Flow diagram PRISMA dan menggunakan JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist dengan desain randomized controlled trial untuk menganalisa kualitas literatur yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menunjukan intervensi diet berupa strategi nutrisi dan suplemen efektif mengontrol glukosa darah pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dengan menurunkan HbA1c, FBS, HOMA-IR dan meningkatakan sensitifitas insulin namun intervensi ini tidak dapat menggantikan pengobatan farmakologis. Oleh karena itu, kepatuhan pengobatan tetap diperlukan didukung oleh faktorfaktor seperti peningkatan pengetahuan, perubahan perilaku, dan teknologi pengingat obat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah intervensi diet dan kepatuhan pengobatan memiliki peran penting dalam mengontrol glukosa darah pada pasien DM tipe 2. Oleh karena itu, pasien DM tipe 2 disarankan menjalankan pola makan sehat sesuai anjuran, mematuhi jadwal pengobatan serta memanfaatkan teknologi, dukungan keluarga, dan tenaga kesehatan/ Dietary intervention and medication adherence are important in controlling the blood glucose of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM), given the increasing prevalence of this disease. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of both interventions in controlling blood glucose of patients with type 2 DM. This study is a systematic literature review with thematic analysis: a simplified approach, using four literature search databases namely PubMed, EBSCO, Science Direct, and Scopus. The search process is based on inclusion criteria, namely research in the last five years (2019–2024), English articles, Indonesian articles, articles with randomized controlled trial designs, and full-text articles, and exclusion criteria, namely systematic literature review articles and paid articles. The keywords used for article searches came from the PICOS table and MeSH Term similarity. The results of the article search were documented in the PRISMA Flow diagram and used the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist with a randomized controlled trial design to analyze the quality of the literature obtained. The results showed that dietary interventions in the form of nutritional strategies and supplements were effective in controlling blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by reducing HbA1c, FBS, HOMA-IR and increasing insulin sensitivity, but these interventions could not replace pharmacological treatment. Therefore, medication adherence is still needed, supported by factors such as increased knowledge, behavior change, and medication reminder technology. The conclusion of this study is that dietary intervention and medication adherence have important roles in controlling blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, patients are advised to practice a healthy diet, adhere to medication schedules, and utilize technology, family support, and health workers.
Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
Ayu, Cantika
NIM01501220215
Cantikaarezki@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Boki, Reza
NIM01501220177
bokireza1@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Ziliwu, Terima
NIM01501220024
berkat230204@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
Contributors
NIDN/NIDK
Email
Thesis advisor
Pakpahan, Martina
NIDN0326018602
martinapakpahan@gmail.com
Thesis advisor
Wardani, Rani
NIDN88000339
ranisonia82@gmail.com
Uncontrolled Keywords: diabetes melitus tipe 2; intervensi diet; kepatuhan pengobatan; kontrol glikemik; randomized controlled trial.
Subjects: R Medicine > RT Nursing
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Nursing > Nursing
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Nursing > Nursing
Depositing User: REZA YULIANA BOKI
Date Deposited: 07 Jul 2025 04:32
Last Modified: 07 Jul 2025 04:32
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/69405

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