Tzabita, Mutiara (2025) Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan Dengan Kejadian Konstipasi Fungsional Pada Mahasiswa Praklinik Universitas Pelita Harapan. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
Latar Belakang: Konstipasi fungsional merupakan salah satu gangguan gastrointestinal yang umum terjadi dan ditandai dengan sulit buang air besar tanpa adanya kelainan struktural. Kondisi ini dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, termasuk gaya hidup, asupan makanan, aktivitas fisik, serta faktor psikologis seperti kecemasan. Mahasiswa kedokteran merupakan kelompok yang rentan mengalami tekanan akademik tinggi, yang berpotensi menimbulkan stres dan kecemasan. Studi-studi sebelumnya telah menunjukkan adanya keterkaitan antara kecemasan dan gangguan saluran cerna, termasuk konstipasi fungsional, namun penelitian di Indonesia, khususnya pada mahasiswa kedokteran, masih terbatas. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat kecemasan dengan kejadian konstipasi fungsional pada mahasiswa preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang dengan pendekatan analitik. Sampel terdiri dari 171 mahasiswa preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran UPH angkatan 2022–2024 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) untuk mengukur kecemasan, dan kuesioner ROME IV untuk menilai konstipasi fungsional. Data yang diperoleh akan diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel, analisis dilakukan dengan uji chi-square dengan program SPSS-29. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari total 171 responden mahasiswa preklinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan, sebanyak 40 responden (23,4%) mengalami konstipasi fungsional, sementara 131 responden (76,6%) tidak mengalaminya. Didapatkan tingkat kecemasan, sebagian besar responden, atau 64,3%, tidak mengalami kecemasan. Responden dengan kecemasan ringan berjumlah 12,3%. Responden dengan kecemasan sedang berjumlah 11,7%. Kecemasan berat dan panik masing-masing terdapat pada 5,8% responden. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat kecemasan dan kejadian konstipasi fungsional dengan nilai p = 0,025. Proporsi konstipasi meningkat seiring peningkatan tingkat kecemasan. Odds ratio (OR) tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok kecemasan berat dan panik (OR = 4,79). Faktor lain seperti jenis kelamin, status gizi, konsumsi air, serta konsumsi buah dan sayur juga dianalisis sebagai variabel perancu. Hal tersebut sesuai dengan mekanisme di mana respons – respons yang ditimbulkan oleh kecemasan pada akhirnya akan menyebabkan gangguan refleks defekasi yang berhubungan dengan kurangnya perasaan sehingga mengakibatkan munculnya keluhan gejala pada konstipasi fungsional. / Background: Functional constipation is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by difficulty in defecation without structural abnormalities. This condition can be caused by various factors, including lifestyle, dietary intake, physical activity, and psychological aspects such as anxiety. Medical students are a population particularly vulnerable to high academic pressure, which may lead to stress and anxiety. Previous studies have shown an association between anxiety and gastrointestinal disorders, including functional constipation. However, research on this topic in Indonesia, particularly among medical students, remains limited. Objective: To determine the relationship between anxiety levels and the incidence of functional constipation among preclinical medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Pelita Harapan. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional analytic design. The sample consisted of 171 preclinical medical students from the 2022–2024 cohort who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) to assess anxiety and the ROME IV questionnaire to assess functional constipation. The data were processed using Microsoft Excel, and statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test with SPSS version 29. Results: Among the 171 respondents, 40 students (23.4%) experienced functional constipation, while 131 students (76.6%) did not. Regarding anxiety levels, most respondents (64.3%) did not experience anxiety. Respondents with mild anxiety accounted for 12.3%, moderate anxiety for 11.7%, and severe and panic-level anxiety for 5.8% each. A significant relationship was found between anxiety levels and functional constipation, with a p value of 0.025. The proportion of constipation increased with higher anxiety levels. The highest odds ratio (OR = 4.79) was observed in the severe and panic anxiety groups. Other factors such as gender, nutritional status, water intake, and fruit and vegetable consumption were also analyzed as potential confounding variables. This finding aligns with the mechanism in which anxiety responses can disrupt the defecation reflex and reduce perception, leading to the manifestation of functional constipation symptoms.
Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor) |
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Creators: | Creators NIM Email ORCID Tzabita, Mutiara NIM01071220321 mutiaratzabita@gmail.com UNSPECIFIED |
Contributors: | Contribution Contributors NIDN/NIDK Email Thesis advisor Tantri, Irma Lusiana UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | kecemasan; konstipasi fungsional; mahasiswa kedokteran; HAM-A; ROME IV |
Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
Divisions: | University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Medicine > Medicine Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Medicine > Medicine |
Depositing User: | Mutiara Tzabita |
Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2025 07:49 |
Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2025 07:49 |
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/69550 |