Harmonisasi pengaturan status peserta program pendidikan profesi dokter spesialis sebagai tenaga medis

Dwisani, Herdiasti Anggitya (2025) Harmonisasi pengaturan status peserta program pendidikan profesi dokter spesialis sebagai tenaga medis. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Pendidikan Profesi Dokter Spesialis (PPDS) merupakan tahapan penting dalam sistem pendidikan kedokteran di Indonesia, yang melibatkan praktik pelayanan medis di fasilitas kesehatan. Namun, peserta PPDS sering kali mengalami ketidakpastian status hukum: apakah mereka hanya mahasiswa atau juga tenaga kerja yang berhak atas perlindungan ketenagakerjaan. Permasalahan ini menjadi semakin penting karena dalam praktiknya, peserta PPDS turut memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang substansial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status hukum peserta PPDS dalam perspektif Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan (beserta perubahan dan peraturan turunannya) dan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan (beserta perubahan dan peraturan turunannya). Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif empiris dengan pendekatan sinkronisasi hukum horizontal dan vertikal. Data diperoleh melalui studi pustaka dan wawancara terhadap peserta PPDS, perwakilan rumah sakit pendidikan, dan ahli hukum ketenagakerjaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dualisme status dalam praktik PPDS: secara administratif dianggap sebagai mahasiswa, namun secara faktual menjalankan kewajiban dan peran yang identik dengan tenaga kerja. Ketentuan dalam Pasal 584 Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 28 Tahun 2024 menyebut bahwa peserta PPDS diangkat sebagai pegawai dan berhak atas imbalan jasa, namun belum ada pengaturan rinci mengenai hak-hak ketenagakerjaan mereka seperti upah minimum, waktu kerja, dan jaminan sosial. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa peserta PPDS memenuhi unsur hubungan kerja sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, yaitu adanya pekerjaan, perintah, dan upah. Oleh karena itu, sudah semestinya diberikan perlindungan hukum sebagai tenaga kerja. Diperlukan regulasi eksplisit setingkat undang-undang atau peraturan pemerintah untuk menetapkan status ketenagakerjaan PPDS secara tegas. Hal ini untuk menghindari kekosongan hukum dan mencegah potensi eksploitasi terhadap peserta PPDS di Indonesia. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi rujukan bagi pembuat kebijakan dalam merumuskan sistem perlindungan tenaga medis yang adil dan berkelanjutan. / The Specialist Medical Doctor Education Program (PPDS) is a crucial phase in Indonesia’s medical education system, involving clinical service practice in healthcare facilities. However, PPDS participants often face legal uncertainty regarding their status: are they merely students, or also workers entitled to labor protection. This issue is increasingly urgent, as in practice, PPDS participants contribute substantially to healthcare services. This study aims to analyze the legal status of PPDS participants from the perspective of Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower and Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health. This research uses a normative empirical legal method with a horizontal and vertical legal harmonization approach. Data were obtained through literature review and interviews with PPDS participants, representatives of teaching hospitals, and labor law experts. The findings reveal a dualism of status in the PPDS scheme: administratively considered students, but functionally performing duties equivalent to formal employees. Article 584 of Government Regulation No. 28 of 2024 states that PPDS participants are appointed as employees entitled to compensation, yet there are no detailed regulations ensuring their labor rights, such as minimum wage, working hours, or social security. This study concludes that PPDS participants meet the legal elements of an employment relationship under Indonesian labor law, namely the presence of work, command, and remuneration. Therefore, they deserve legal recognition and protection as workers. Explicit regulation, either at the level of an act or government regulation, is needed to clearly define their employment status. Such legal clarity is essential to avoid normative gaps and prevent potential exploitation of PPDS participants in Indonesia. This research aims to serve as a reference for policymakers in developing a fair and sustainable legal framework for the protection of healthcare human resources.
Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
Dwisani, Herdiasti Anggitya
NIM01659230086
herdiasti.anggitya@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
Contributors
NIDN/NIDK
Email
Thesis advisor
Budianto, Agus
NIDN0326067304
UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: pendidikan profesi dokter spesialis ; ppds ; residen ; ketenagakerjaan ; kesehatan ; kedokteran ; upah ; status
Subjects: K Law > K Law (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Law
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Law
Depositing User: Herdiasti Anggitya Dwisani
Date Deposited: 14 Jul 2025 03:44
Last Modified: 14 Jul 2025 03:44
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/69701

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