Uji toksisitas akut ekstrak etanol 70% daun pisang raja (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana) terhadap mencit jantan (Mus musculus) dengan metode OECD 423 dan uji histopatologi

OKTAFIA, INTAN (2025) Uji toksisitas akut ekstrak etanol 70% daun pisang raja (Musa acuminata x Musa balbisiana) terhadap mencit jantan (Mus musculus) dengan metode OECD 423 dan uji histopatologi. Diploma thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Daun pisang raja (Musa acuminata × Musa balbisiana) telah lama dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional karena kandungan metabolit sekundernya, seperti flavonoid, saponin, tanin, fenol, dan steroid. Senyawa-senyawa ini memiliki berbagai manfaat kesehatan, termasuk menurunkan kadar gula darah, menurunkan kolesterol, dan mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Namun, diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk menguji potensi efek toksik dari ekstrak tersebut melalui uji toksisitas akut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efek toksisitas akut dan menentukan nilai LD₅₀ dari ekstrak etanol daun pisang raja. Ekstrak dibuat menggunakan metode refluks, dan pengujian toksisitas dilakukan menggunakan mencit jantan sebagai hewan uji, dengan larutan CMC-Na sebagai kontrol negatif. Penentuan nilai LD₅₀ mengikuti panduan Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423 Acute Toxic Class Method dan mengacu pada klasifikasi Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHCS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak adanya gejala fisik, kematian, maupun kerusakan organ pada seluruh kelompok uji, yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif (CMC-Na), kelompok dosis ekstrak 300 mg/kgBB, dan kelompok dosis ekstrak 2000 mg/kgBB. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, ekstrak etanol 70% daun pisang raja tergolong dalam kategori toksisitas akut kelas V (tidak terklasifikasikan sebagai toksik), dengan nilai LD₅₀ > 5000 mg/kgBB. Hasil uji histopatologi juga menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat kerusakan organ yang disebabkan oleh pemberian ekstrak. Dengan demikian, ekstrak daun pisang raja dinyatakan aman dan berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai obat herbal. / The leaves of Musa acuminata × Musa balbisiana (Raja banana) have long been utilized in traditional medicine due to their content of secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and steroids. These compounds offer various health benefits, including lowering blood sugar levels, reducing cholesterol, and accelerating wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity effects and determine the LD₅₀ value of the 70% ethanol extract of Raja banana leaves. The extract was prepared using the reflux method, and acute toxicity testing was conducted on male mice (Mus musculus), with a CMC-Na solution used as a negative control. The procedure followed the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423 Acute Toxic Class Method, and LD₅₀ determination was based on the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHCS). The results showed no physical symptoms, mortality, or organ damage in all test groups (control, 300 mg/kgBW, and 2000 mg/kgBW). Based on these findings, the extract is classified as acute toxicity category V (unclassified as toxic), with an LD₅₀ value estimated to be greater than 5000 mg/kgBW. Histopathological analysis confirmed that no organ damage was attributable to the extract. Therefore, the 70% ethanol extract of Raja banana leaves is considered safe and has potential for development as a herbal medicinal product.
Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
OKTAFIA, INTAN
NIM01174220011
intanajeng911@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
Contributors
NIDN/NIDK
Email
Thesis advisor
Riskianto, Riskianto
NIK20190150
UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: toksisitas akut; daun pisang raja; remaserasi; OECD 423; LD50
Subjects: R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Health Sciences > Pharmacy (Diploma)
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Health Sciences > Pharmacy (Diploma)
Depositing User: Intan Ajeng Oktafia
Date Deposited: 08 Aug 2025 00:45
Last Modified: 08 Aug 2025 00:45
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/70365

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