Uji aktivitas antibakteri serum ekstrak etanol 96% daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes dengan metode well diffusion

Lubis, Eka (2025) Uji aktivitas antibakteri serum ekstrak etanol 96% daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium Acnes dengan metode well diffusion. Diploma thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Jerawat merupakan peradangan kronis pada kelenjar sebaceous akibat produksi sebum berlebih, penyumbatan folikel, dan infeksi Propionibacterium acnes. Menurut WHO, jerawat mepengaruhi 85% remaja usia 15–19 tahun dan berdampak pada kesehatan mental. Terapi antibiotik jangka panjang berisiko menimbulkan resistensi dan iritasi kulit, sehingga mendorong pemanfaatan bahan herbal seperti ekstrak etanol 96% daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) yang mengandung senyawa fenol dan memiliki aktivitas antimikroba. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi Carbopol dan triethanolamine terhadap stabilitas basis serum, menentukan formula optimal serum ekstrak daun sirih, serta menguji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap P. acnes. Uji antibakteri dilakukan menggunakan metode well diffusion karena sederhana dengan mengukur langsung zona hambat dari sediaan cair secara efektif dan akurat. Formulasi menggunakan variasi Carbopol (0,5%, 1%, 2%) dan triethanolamine (0,2%, 0,4%, 0,6%). Basis serum dengan Carbopol 1% dan triethanolamine 0,4% dipilih sebagai yang paling stabil secara fisik yang menghasilkan sediaan dengan viskositas yang sesuai, homogen, pH seimbang, serta daya lekat dan sebar yang optimal. Formula dengan ekstrak daun sirih 2% menunjukkan mutu fisik terbaik dan zona hambat 18,15 mm terhadap P. acnes, termasuk kategori kuat. Seluruh formula menunjukkan aktivitas tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kontrol positif yang artinya memiliki efektivitas mendekati tetrasiklin, sehingga berpotensi sebagai alternatif serum antibakteri./Acne is a chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands caused by excessive sebum production, follicular blockage, and infection by Propionibacterium acnes. According to the WHO, acne affects 85% of adolescents aged 15–19 years and has an impact on mental health. Long-term antibiotic therapy poses a risk of bacterial resistance and skin irritation, thus encouraging the use of herbal ingredients such as 96% ethanol extract of green betel leaves (Piper betle L.), which contains phenolic compounds and exhibits antimicrobial activity. This study aims to evaluate the effect of varying concentrations of Carbopol and triethanolamine on the stability of serum bases, determine the optimal serum formulation containing betel leaf extract, and test its antibacterial activity against P. acnes. Antibacterial testing was performed using the well diffusion method, chosen for its simplicity and effectiveness in directly measuring inhibition zones from liquid preparations. Formulations varied in Carbopol (0.5%, 1%, 2%) and triethanolamine (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%). The 2% betel leaf extract formula showed the best physical quality and an inhibition zone of 18.15 mm against P. acnes, categorized as strong. All formulas were not significantly different from the positive control, indicating an effectiveness comparable to tetracycline, and thus, potential as an alternative antibacterial serum.
Item Type: Thesis (Diploma)
Creators:
Creators
NIM
Email
ORCID
Lubis, Eka
NIM01174220017
lubiseka693@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
Contribution
Contributors
NIDN/NIDK
Email
Thesis advisor
Rangka, Febbyasi Megawaty
NIDN0308028008
febbyasi.megawaty@uph.edu
Thesis advisor
Whardhani, Sabrina Krisna
NIDN6552762663230252
sabrina.whardhani@uph.edu
Uncontrolled Keywords: Daun sirih hijau ; ekstrak etanol 96% ; aktivitas antibakteri Propionibacterium acnes ; well difussion
Subjects: R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Health Sciences > Pharmacy (Diploma)
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Health Sciences > Pharmacy (Diploma)
Depositing User: Eka Lubis
Date Deposited: 12 Aug 2025 01:27
Last Modified: 12 Aug 2025 01:27
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/70404

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