Indonesia is known to be the largest maritime country that is rich in marine life resource as well as a country that produces abundant of natural resources. Mining activities can pose a threat for the environment, one of which is the occurrence of marine pollution. Marine pollution can endanger marine ecosystems and huge loss to fishermen resulting in an environmental dispute. According to private law, in environmental dispute, plaintiff have the rights to make claims for compensation which is stated in Article 1365 Indonesian Civil Code. This thesis uses Case Number: 26/Pdt.G/2009/PN.TPI an environmental dispute between mining companies and fishermen in Tanjung Pinang City, where the mining companies polluted the sea, inflict a financial loss for fishermen and harmed the marine life. Based on the stated issues above this thesis discuss two problems from the case study which is the fulfillment of the elements of tort itself and the mining companies’ liability, according to private law, for causing marine pollution. This research is juristic normative with statue and case approach, namely by examining law theories, doctrines, judicial case study, and statutory regulations related to this research. The result of this research shows that the defendant has fulfilled the elements of torts based on Article 1365 Indonesian Civil Code and mining companies that polluted the sea by hazardous and toxic substances, based on Article 52 (3) of Law No. 32 of 2014 on Marine Affairs and Articles 87 of Law No. 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, the settlement dispute is implemented under polluter pays principle and shall be obliged to pay compensation and/or take specific actions.