Penerapan kebijakan tingkat komponen dalam negeri (TKDN) untuk perangkat telepon seluler 4G LTE dikaitkan dengan prinsip national treatment dari World Trade Organization (WTO)

Lusikooy, David Christian Yesaya (2019) Penerapan kebijakan tingkat komponen dalam negeri (TKDN) untuk perangkat telepon seluler 4G LTE dikaitkan dengan prinsip national treatment dari World Trade Organization (WTO). Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Seiring perkembangan inovasi teknologi informasi dan komunikasi di era digital yang mendorong perkembangan kebutuhan dan usaha perdagangan alat telekomunikasi, serta rencana Indonesia dalam mengimplementasi layanan 4G untuk layanan mobile broadband, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan terkait perdagangan peralatan komunikasi yaitu penerapan kebijakan Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri (TKDN) untuk perangkat telepon seluler 4G LTE di Indonesia yang diberlakukan pada Januari 2017. Penerapan kebijakan tersebut mendapat sorotan dari World Trade Organization (WTO) karena dinilai melanggar prinsip National Treatment pada General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) bahwa suatu negara tidak boleh mendiskriminasi perlakukan antara produk impor dan produk dalam negeri. Sementara argumentasi oleh pemerintah Indonesia adalah kebijakan tersebut bertujuan untuk peningkatan mutu produk impor dan secara bersamaan membuka kesempatan produsen lokal untuk dapat bersaing secara sehat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa apakah kebijakan TKDN yang diterapkan melanggar prinsip National Treatment, dan upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan Indonesia dalam mempertahankan kebijakan TKDN terhadap tekanan dunia Internasional. Analisa data dilakukan Penulis dengan mengkaji buku-buku, jurnal-jurnal dan sumber tertulis lainnya (elektronik) yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan penelitian. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kebijakan TKDN untuk perangkat telepon seluler 4G/LTE melanggar prinsip National Treatment WTO yang mengedepankan kesetaraan perlakuan antara barang impor dan barang produksi dalam negeri. Pemerintah Indonesia harus menerapkan langkah-langkah anitisipatif terhadap keberatan yang diajukan beberapa negara di Committe TRIMs agar kebijakan TKDN 4G/LTE ini tetap dapat terlaksana dalam menggapai perlindungan dan kestabilan ekonomi nasional dari derasnya komoditas impor. / Along with continuous innovation in information and communication technology in today’s digital era that leads to demand and business growth for telecommunication devices and based on Indonesia’s plan to implement 4G LTE for mobile broadband services to increase its digital competitiveness in 2020, Indonesia government issued local content requirement (TKDN) policy for 4G LTE telecommunication devices in January 2017. The implementation of policy caught the attention of World Trade Organization (WTO) as it was considered to be against the principle of National Treatment in General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade that prohibits discrimination between imported and domestically produced goods with respect to internal taxation or other government regulation. While, Indonesia government argued that the policy was implied to encourage quality improvement of imported goods and at the same time creating opportunities for local manufacturers to compete in fair trading. This research was conducted to further analyse whether the implementation of TKDN policy is against the National Treatment principle in GATT and to discover the efforts that Indonesia can pursue in order to continue the implemention of TKDN policy against the international pressure. The data analysis was done by the writer by conducting a literature review of books, journals, and other written/ electronic sources related to the research. From this research, it can be concluded that the implementation of TKDN 4G/LTE policy violates the principle of WTO National Treatment that promotes equality of treatment between imported and domestically produced goods. The Indonesian Government must implement anticipatory measures against objections raised by several countries in the TRIM Committee in order to keep implementing the TKDN 4G LTE policy in achieving national economic protection and stability from the imported products.

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