Studi tipologi ruang publik plaza dalam meningkatkan sense of place di kawasan Glodok = Typological study of public plaza in improving the sense of place around Glodok

Stefania, Sharene (2020) Studi tipologi ruang publik plaza dalam meningkatkan sense of place di kawasan Glodok = Typological study of public plaza in improving the sense of place around Glodok. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Ruang publik merupakan sebuah ruang yang sangat berperan penting dalam aktifitas keseharian manusia. Melalui ruang publik, individu memiliki wadah untuk berkumpul, berinteraksi dan membangun sebuah cerita maupun memori bersamasama. Interaksi dalam ruang publik dapat memberikan manfaat positif bagi indvidu secara mental. Hasil dari interaksi dalam ruang publik dan pengalaman antar individu adalah memperoleh sebuah perasaan emosi terhadap tempat berupa sense of place. Ruang publik yang memiliki sense of place yang positif bagi individu dapat membuat area tersebut senantiasa hidup demi keberlangsungan area. Salah satu ruang publik yang terdapat dalam kota adalah plaza. Plaza merupakan suatu pusat interaksi sosial yang terjadi antar individu maupun kelompok di lapangan terbuka. Plaza yang kurang berkualitas dapat membuat aktivitas di dalamnya sulit dilakukan sehingga kawasan menjadi tidak livable dan kehilangan sense of place-nya. Jika hal ini terjadi, dapat mengancam keberlangsungan suatu kota. Rumusan masalah mencakup hubungan plaza dengan sense of place dan kriteria ruang plaza yang baik dalam meningkatkan sense of place melalui studi tipologi plaza. Glodok merupakan salah satu kawasan perdagangan yang terkenal dengan budaya Tiongkok. Pada area terdapat sebuah klenteng sebagai penanda awal pula perkembangan etnis Tiongkok di Indonesia. Namun, perkembangan kota dan penduduk yang tidak terkontrol membuat area menjadi sangat padat dan tidak terkelola. Plaza di area pun tidak dapat terdefinisi lagi dan dikhawatirkan akan menghilangkan sense of place di kawasan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang menekankan pada analisis tipologi plaza dan dilengkapi dengan observasi lapangan sebagai data pendukung. Instrumen analisis yang digunakan dilengkapi dengan kuesioner. Hasil dari penelitian adalah kriteria plaza dengan sense of place kuat yaitu, kriteria jalan, gambaran visual, identitas, aktivitas, skala, aksesibilitas, kenyamanan dan sosiabilitas. Kemudian, ditemukan juga variabel yang menjadi prioritas utama, yaitu wayfinding, material, landmark, kegunaan ruang, fleksibilitas, fasilitas komersil, aktif, sirkulasi, ragam pengguna dan ramah. Dari variabel prioritas utama dan terbanyak, kriterianya menjadi konsep dasar dalam perancangan, yaitu konsep sosiabilitas, konsep aktivitas, konsep identitas dan jalan komersil, dengan tambahan konsep gambaran visual. / Public place is a space which has taken a major role in human’s daily activity. Through public place, all individual has a free space to interact and connect with each other; creating stories, moments and memories together. Those interaction could benefit each individual mentally. As a result of social interaction between people and the experience felt while being inside the public place, people could feel a flicker of emotion for the place which is known as the sense of place. A public space that has a strong, positive sense of place, could make the area more alive for the sake of the area’s sustainability. One of the public place taking in the urban scope is square or plaza. Plaza is known for a center of social interaction between individuals or groups in the open space. Poor urban quality plaza could hamper people in doing their activities, hence the area becomes less livable and loses its sense of place. The main focus on this research is improving the quality of plaza and its sense of place to make the space more livable and sustainable. The main area for this research is Glodok, West Jakarta. Glodok is one of the most known chinatown trading center in Jakarta. It has a long history and the culture is still running up until now. Glodok has a landmark which is an oldest Batavia temple, build around the 16th century. The landmark is still opened for religious activity and has an annual festival each year. Although Glodok’s history and culture is very well known, the area’s is not very well maintained; it is very crowded and lacking in some qualities. Therefore, it is concerned that the area’s unique culture will slowly disappear; making Glodok loses its sense of place as a chinatown area. The research is taking a quantitative approach which emphasizes on the analysis of plaza’s typology. Site observation and survey questionnarie is done as additional data to support the research. The aim is to find spesific criteria of plaza that is livable and has a strong, positive sense of place. In this research, there are eight criteria of plaza that has strong sense of place, which is, path, visual image, identity, activity, scale, accessibility, comfort and sociability. Based on those eight criteria, the writer find variables of priority from the criteria which could become the main focus for the design concept. Those variables of priority are way-finding, material, landmark, usage, flexibility, commercial, active, circulation, diverse user, and inviting. From these variables of priority, the writer categorized them to their criteria. The criteria which has the most variables of priority become the main concept for the design, which area sociability, activity, identity, commercial road and visual image.

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