Peran Vatikan dalam penegakan hak asasi manusia: studi kasus proses penghapusan sistem apartheid di Afrika Selatan (1948-1993)

Lukitama, Franky (2018) Peran Vatikan dalam penegakan hak asasi manusia: studi kasus proses penghapusan sistem apartheid di Afrika Selatan (1948-1993). Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

The Vatican is a sovereign state and also the supreme body of the world Catholic church. The Vatican has an important role in the world of international politics to create and maintain world peace. This can be seen from the mission brought by the Vatican which is to bring the message of world peace to all mankind on earth through the teachings of Jesus Christ is love and forgiveness. In the case of the Apartheid system in South Africa, the Catholic church in South Africa was present to challenge discrimination among human beings against the teachings of Jesus Christ and also human rights violators. This study aims to determine human rights abuses and the role of the Vatican in the face of human rights violations that occurred in South Africa. This research using qualitative approach with case study research method. Data collection was conducted on secondary data, through literature study, in the form of document and video. The results show that the Vatican plays an active role as a norm entrepreneur, namely a country (the main actor) who is interested in changing social norms. In addition, the Vatican also acts as a state, with Pope John Paul II making safari visits to Africa and its surroundings in the process of removing the Apartheid system in South Africa. Pope John Paul II visited six African countries on his first pastoral trip to Zaire (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Ghana, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) and Ivory Coast. We can see this from the national Vatican movement in South Africa, which is also a dominant religious institution, namely Catholicism. Organizationally, this religious institution is well organized and has a clear and structured leadership system, and is temporarily able to quell the lust of revenge from the people who have been oppressed by the Apartheid system. Basically, this dominant religious institution indirectly attracted other civil society institutions to proactively support reconciliation. / Vatikan merupakan sebuah negara yang mempunyai kedaulatan dan juga sekaligus sebagai lembaga tertinggi dari gereja Katolik sedunia. Vatikan mempunyai peranan penting dalam dunia politik internasional untuk menciptakan dan menjaga perdamaian dunia. Hal ini dapat kita lihat dari misi yang dibawa oleh Vatikan yaitu dengan membawa pesan perdamaian dunia terhadap seluruh umat manusia di muka bumi melalui ajaran Yesus kristus yaitu cinta kasih dan pengampunan. Pada kasus sistem Apartheid di Afrika Selatan, gereja Katolik di Afrika Selatan hadir menantang diskriminasi antar sesama manusia yang bertentangan dengan ajaran Yesus kristus dan juga melanggar HAM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelanggaran HAM dan peran Vatikan dalam menghadapi pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi di Afrika Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan terhadap data sekunder, melalui studi kepustakaan, berbentuk dokumen dan video. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Vatikan berperan aktif sebagai norm entrepreneur, yaitu sebuah negara (aktor utama) yang tertarik dalam mengubah norma sosial. Selain itu Vatikan juga berperan sebagai negara, dengan Paus Yohanes Paulus II melakukan kunjungan safari ke Afrika dan sekitarnya dalam proses penghapusan sistem Apartheid di Afrika Selatan. Paus Yohanes Paulus II mengunjungi enam negara Afrika dalam perjalanan pastoral perdananya yaitu ke Zaire (sekarang Republik Demokratik Kongo), Republik Kongo, Kenya, Ghana, Upper Volta (sekarang Burkina Faso), dan Pantai Gading. Hal ini dapat kita lihat dari gerakan Vatikan secara nasional di Afrika Selatan, yang juga merupakan sebuah lembaga keagamaan yang dominan, yaitu Katolik. Secara organisatoris, lembaga keagamaan ini lebih tertata dengan baik dan memiliki sistem kepemimpinan yang jelas dan terstruktur, serta untuk sementara mampu meredam nafsu balas dendam dari masyarakat yang selama ini tertindas oleh sistem Apartheid. Pada dasarnya lembaga keagamaan yang dominan ini secara tidak langsung menarik lembaga masyarakat sipil lainnya untuk secara proaktif mendukung terjadinya rekonsiliasi.

Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Lukitama, FrankyNIM00000023203UNSPECIFIED
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorTambunan, Edwin M.BNIDN0320076901UNSPECIFIED
Additional Information: T 88-15 LUK p
Uncontrolled Keywords: Apartheid ; Human Rights ; Norm Entrepreneur ; Reconciliation ; Vatican ; South Africa
Subjects: J Political Science > JZ International relations
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > Master of International Relations
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > Master of International Relations
Depositing User: Users 15 not found.
Date Deposited: 04 Apr 2019 01:08
Last Modified: 24 Feb 2022 07:25
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/2689

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