Peran konsultan manajemen konstruksi berdasarkan lingkup kerja pada kontrak konsultan manajemen konstruksi dalam mengurangi risiko keterlambatan

Kurniawan, Paulus (2016) Peran konsultan manajemen konstruksi berdasarkan lingkup kerja pada kontrak konsultan manajemen konstruksi dalam mengurangi risiko keterlambatan. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

In construction projects, especially large-scale projects such as high-rise buildings, the project's owner usually use tthe services of Construction Management (CM) Consultant. The agreement between the owner and CM Consultant is stated in the contract documents. The scope of CM Consultant's responsibilitier that include: time and cost management, contruction targets (quantity and quality), and progress the good administration are state in the contract documents. With the services of CM Consultant, it is expected that the performance of the construction projects will become better, especially the performance of time in the high-rise building projects that often experience delays. However in reality, the use of consultant services does not fully guarantee that the delays of construction projects can be avoided, especially at the construction phase. This raises question about the role of CM Consultant, whether the degradation of the role occurs due to the reduction of the scope of work in the contract documents. Therefore, this study aims to determine the scope of work of CM Consultants that is crucial to the construction delay in the construction project but not included in the contract. This research process is started with a comparison of the scope of work at the construction phase stated in several standard contracts in Indonesian with the standard of the Construction Management Association of America (CMAA) for inventorying the scope of work deducted from the standard contract. The results are assessed thoroughly by interviewing some experts in the construction management and respondents to identify the scope of work that significantly influence the delay of the construction phase but rarely written in the CM Consultant contract documents, particularly in the construction of high-rise buildings in Jakarta. The result of this study is the identification of the scope of work that significantly influence construction delay but rarely written in the scope of work in the contract documents that includes: management and communication procedures in the field of construction phase, the project's physical condition information, providing optimization of time and costs (trade-off studies) for a wide range of construction components and progress payments. / Dalam penyelenggaraan suatu proyek konstruksi, terutama pada proyek berskala besar seperti bangunan gedung bertingkat tinggi, pemilik proyek (owner) umumnya melibatkan jasa Konsultan Manajemen Konstruksi (MK). Kesepakatan antara pemilik proyek dan Konsultan MK dinyatakan dalam suatu dokumen kontrak. Dalam dokumen kontrak terdapat lingkup kerja Konsultan MK yang merupakan kegiatan manajemen konstruksi yang meliputi pengendalian waktu, biaya, pencapaian sasaran fisik (kuantitas dan kualitas), dan tertib administrasi. Dengan adanya jasa Konsultan MK, diharapkan kinerja proyek konstruksi akan lebih baik, khususnya kinerja waktu yang dalam proyek gedung bertingkat tinggi acapkali mengalami keterlambatan. Nyatanya, penggunaan jasa Konsultan MK tidak sepenuhnya menjamin proyek konstruksi, khususnya pada tahap pelaksanaan, tidak mengalami keterlambatan. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai peran Konsultan MK, yaitu apakah terjadi degradasi peran Konsultan MK akibat reduksi lingkup kerjanya pada dokumen kontrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peran apa saja dalam lingkup kerja Konsultan MK yang berpengaruh terhadap keterlambatan pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi tetapi jarang tertulis dalam dokumen kontrak. Proses penelitian ini diawali dengan membandingkan lingkup kerja di tahap pelaksanaan pada beberapa dokumen standar yang ada di Indonesia dengan standar lingkup kerja dari Construction Management Association of America (CMAA) untuk menginventarisasi lingkup kerja yang tereduksi. Hasil yang diperoleh dipertajam melalui wawancara beberapa pakar manajemen kontruksi dan survei responden untuk mengidentifikasi lingkup kerja yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keterlambatan pada pelaksanaan konstruksi tetapi jarang tertulis dalam dokumen kontrak Konsultan MK, khususnya pada pembangunan gedung bertingkat tinggi di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menghasilkan identifikasi lingkup kerja yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keterlambatan pada pelaksanaan konstruksi tetapi jarang tertulis pada lingkup kerja di dokumen kontrak berturut-turut meliputi: manajemen dan prosedur komunikasi tahap konstruksi di lapangan, informasi kondisi fisik proyek, pemberian masukan optimasi waktu dan biaya (studi tradeoff) untuk berbagai komponen konstruksi dan kemajuan pembayaran.

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