Imperialisme budaya melalui anime sebagai produk budaya populer Jepang dalam film animasi Battle of Surabaya

Sundah, Pierre Mauritz (2017) Imperialisme budaya melalui anime sebagai produk budaya populer Jepang dalam film animasi Battle of Surabaya. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Mass media as one of the tools to develop culture not only culture as a form of art and symbol but also culture like mode, life style, and norms. It is the role of media as a cultural transmission. Animation as one of mass media product, nowadays are dominated by the animation from United States and Japan. In 2015, there’s a product of local animation titled Battle of Surabaya have won several achievement not only in national but also international. The animation itself contains of fictional story about 10 November 1945. Paradigm used in this research is critical and a descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques used were through in-depth interview, observation and literature study for the secondary data. Informants for this research are four people consist of the film director, two audiences and one scholar that observe the development of local animation. The result shows Japan cultural hegemony seen on Battle of Surabaya. Not only using anime style but also the element of Japan culture such as food, norms and ethics, customs and tradition of Japan society used to shows Indonesian daily life. The dominations of Japan popular culture especially anime is one of the cause. / Media massa sebagai salah satu sarana yang berfungsi untuk pengembangan kebudayaan, tidak hanya budaya dalam bentuk seni dan simbol tetapi juga budaya seperti tata cara, mode, gaya hidup dan norma-norma sehingga media memiliki fungsi cultural transmission. Saat ini film animasi yang beredar di masyarakat lebih banyak merupakan film animasi luar terutama dari Amerika dan Jepang. Pada tahun 2015 terdapat film animasi lokal yang berhasil memperoleh penghargaan secara nasional dan internasional. Film animasi Battle of Surabaya menceritakan secara fiktif bagaimana perjuangan rakyat Surabaya 10 November 1945. Paradigma dalam penelitian adalah kritis dan merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah melalui indepth interview, observasi dan studi literatur untuk sumber-sumber sekunder. Informan penelitian berjumlah empat orang yang terdiri dari sutradara, dua orang penonton dan seorang akademisi yang mengikuti perkembangan film animasi di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya hegemoni budaya Jepang terlihat dalam film animasi Battle of Surabaya. Selain menggunakan gaya anime, unsur budaya Jepang seperti makanan Jepang, etika, adat istiadat maupun kebiasaan dalam masyarakat Jepang digunakan dalam menggmbarkan kehidupan sehari-hari masyarakat Indonesia. Hal tersebut terjadi karena masyarakat Indonesia telah lama didominasi oleh budaya populer Jepang terutama anime.

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