AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN INHIBISI α-GLUKOSIDASE MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN KEMUNING (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack)

Gunawan, Danny (2022) AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN INHIBISI α-GLUKOSIDASE MINYAK ATSIRI DAUN KEMUNING (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) merupakan tanaman hias yang memiliki baru harum dan memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan dan inhibitor α-glukosidase. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga jenis kemuning yang umum di Indonesia yaitu kemuning Jawa, kemuning Bali, dan kemuning Jepang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan inhibisi α-glukosidase dari minyak atsiri daun kemuning. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam dua tahap, tahap pertama dilakukan proses hidrodistilasi selama 1 jam dan suhu 100 oC untuk memperoleh minyak atsiri daun kemuning. Pada tahap kedua dilakukan uji aktivitas antioksidan dan inhibisi α-glukosidase dari minyak atsiri daun kemuning yang diperoleh. Massa jenis dari ketiga sampel minyak atsiri lalu diukur menggunakan piknometer memiliki rentang 0,9042-0,9508 g/mL. Warna dari minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan cenderung berwarna kuning sampai kuning kemerahan dengan rentang oHue 61,72 sampai 71,01. Rendemen ketiga minyak atsiri yang didapat lebih kecil dari 1%. Dengan metode DPPH, aktivitas antioksidan minyak atsiri daun kemuning Jawa merupakan yang paling tinggi dengan IC50: 9,11 ± 0,29 ppm, diikuti minyak atsiri daun kemuning Bali dengan IC50 :11,06 ±0,73 ppm, dan Jepang dengan IC50: 12,42 ± 0,35 ppm, dengan total fenolik 20,16 ± 0,67 mg GAE/g, 13,81 ± 0,37 mg GAE/g, dan 11,26 ± 0,70 mg GAE/g berturut-turut. Uji antioksidan dengan metode bilangan peroksida dan bilangan asam tiobarbiturat menunjukan minyak atsiri daun kemuning Jawa memiliki aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dengan bilangan peroksida: 9,40 ± 1,60 meq/kg dan bilangan TBA: 1,81 ± 0,13 meq MDA/kg. Pada uji inhibisi α-glukosidase, minyak atsiri daun kemuning Jawa menunjukan inhibisi IC50: 59,90 ± 1,36 ppm terhadap pNPG dan menampilkan inhibisi uncompetitive. Hasil GC-MS mengungkapkan senyawa-senyawa berupa eugenol, γ‑terpinene, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, citronellal, dan caryophyllene merupakan senyawa-senyawa dominan dalam minyak atsiri daun kemuning Jawa./Kemuning (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) is an ornamental plant that has a fragrance and has potential as an antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor. This study uses three types of kemuning that are common to find in Indonesia, namely Javanese kemuning, Balinese kemuning, and Japanese kemuning. The aim of this study is to determine the antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibition of the essential oils from kemuning leaves. This research was carried out in two stages, the first stage is the hydrodistillation step for 1 hour and with temperature of 100 oC to obtain the essential oil of kemuning leaves. In the second stage, the antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibition were tested from the obtained essential oil of kemuning leaves. The density of the three essential oil samples was then measured using a pycnometer with range from 0.9042 to 0.9508 g/mL. The color of the essential oil produced tends to be yellow to reddish yellow with an oHue range of 61.72 to 71.01. The yield of the three essential oils obtained are less than 1%. According to the DPPH method, antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Javanese kemuning leaves is the highest with IC50: 9.11 ± 0.29 ppm, followed by the essential oil of Balinese kemuning leaves with IC50:11.06 ±0.73 ppm, and Japanese kemuning leaves IC50: 12.42 ± 0.35 ppm, with total phenolic of 20.16 ± 0.67 mg GAE/g, 13.81 ± 0.37 mg GAE/g, and 11.26 ± 0.70 mg GAE/g respectively. Antioxidant test using peroxide number and thiobarbituric acid value method showed essential oil of Javanese kemuning leaves has the highest antioxidant activity with peroxide value of 9.40 ± 1.60 meq/kg and TBA value of 1.81 ± 0.13 meq MDA/kg. During α-glucosidase inhibition test, essential oil of Javanese kemuning leaves exhibited inhibition IC50: 59.90 ± 1.36 ppm against pNPG and displayed uncompetitive inhibition. GC-MS result revealed that eugenol, γ-terpinene, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, citronellal, and caryophyllene are the dominant compounds in the essential oil of Javanese kemuning leaves.

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