Uji efek antihiperlipidemia ekstrak etanol 70% daun Ketul (Bidens pilosa L.) terhadap mencit (Mus musculus)

Putri, Anatasia Denisa Natalia (2022) Uji efek antihiperlipidemia ekstrak etanol 70% daun Ketul (Bidens pilosa L.) terhadap mencit (Mus musculus). Diploma thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Kasus penyakit hiperlipidemia setiap tahunnya dapat membunuh hingga 71% penduduk dunia dan kasusnya terus mengalami peningkatan, terutama pada usia produktif. Pada penelitian sebelumnya didapatkan, bahwa biji Ketul dapat menurunkan kolesterol dengan meningkatkan jumlah HDL dan juga pada daun Ketul memiliki efek antioksidan yang dapat mengurangi oksidasi asam lemak. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian uji efek antihiperlipidemia dari daun Ketul untuk mengetahui apakah daun Ketul memiliki efek antihiperlipidemia atau tidak dan mengetahui dosis ekstrak daun Ketul yang efektif untuk antihiperlipidemia, serta metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam daun Ketul. Ekstrak daun Ketul dibuat dengan metode refluks menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Uji antihiperlipidemia dilakukan terhadap mencit yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelomopk I diberi CMC Na 0,5%; Kelompok II diberi Simvastatin 0,052 mg/gBB mencit, Kelompok III, IV, dan V diberi ekstrak (100, 300, 500 mg/kgBB). Setiap kelompok diinduksi dengan makanan tinggi lemak dan PTU 0,02% selama seminggu, kemudian diberikan ekstrak selama 2 minggu. Kadar kolesterol total mencit dicek setiap sekali seminggu. Efek penurunan kolesterol mencit diketahui dari hasil perhitungan persentase penurunan dan uji analisis menggunakan One-Way ANOVA. Berdasarkan hasil analisis One-Way ANOVA didapatkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 70% daun Ketul memiliki efek antihiperlipidemia dengan dosis yang efektif adalah 100 mg/kgBB/./Cases of hyperlipidemic each year can kill up to 71% of the world population and continue to increase, especially in productive age. A previous study found that Ketul seeds can lower total cholesterol by increasing the amount of HDL. Ketul leaves have an antioxidant effect that can reduce fatty acid oxidation. Therefore, a study about the antihyperlipidemic effect of Ketul leaves is conducted, to determine the effective dose for Ketul leaf extract as antihyperlipidemic, also to know secondary metabolites contained in Ketul leaves. Ketul leaf extract was made by reflux using 70% ethanol as solvent. An antihyperlipidemic test that performed on mice and divided into five groups. Group I given CMC Na 0.5%; Group II given Simvastatin 0.052 mg/20gBW mice, Group III, IV, and V given extract (100, 300, 500 mg/kg BW). Each group was induced with a high-fat diet and 0.02% PTU for a week, then given the extract for two weeks. The mice's total cholesterol levels were checked once a week. The effect of reducing cholesterol in mice is known by calculating the percentage reduction and analysis using One-Way ANOVA. The result of this research is that 70% ethanol extract of Ketul leaves has an antihyperlipidemic effect with an effective dose of 100 mg/kg BW.

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