Hubungan Antara Obesitas Terhadap Dismenore Pada Mahasiswi FK UPH

Maria, Rini (2022) Hubungan Antara Obesitas Terhadap Dismenore Pada Mahasiswi FK UPH. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Latar Belakang: Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018 melaporkan bahwa prevalensi obesitas atau kegemukan pada usia di atas 18 tahun mencapai 21,8% dan didominasi oleh kaum perempuan. Indeks massa tubuh atau IMT merupakan salah satu penentu status gizi seseorang yang dikategorikan kurus, normal, berat badan lebih dan obesitas. Obesitas diduga merupakan salah satu faktor resiko terjadinya dismenore karena adanya jaringan lemak lebih yang menyebabkan peningkatan prostaglandin sehingga terjadi kontraktilitas uterus yang lebih. Walaupun telah dilaporkan mengenai hubungan antara rata-rata IMT dari semua kategori dengan dismenore, namun belum banyak diteliti mengenai hubungan khususnya antara IMT kategori obesitas dengan dismenore. Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara IMT obesitas dengan kejadian dismenore pada mahasiswi. Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian ini berupa studi analitik komparatif kategorik tidak berpasangan. Kuesioner pengukuran IMT dibagikan kepada mahasiswi FK UPH secara daring melalui google-form. Sebanyak 105 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok I dengan IMT kategori obesitas dan kelompok II dengan IMT kategori normal. Dari masing-masing kelompok tersebut diberi kuesioner skala NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) untuk menilai skala nyeri dismenore. Data yang diperoleh akan diolah menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan dianalisis dengan uji Pearson’s Chi-Square dengan program SPSS-25 dengan derajat kepercayaan 95% (p < 0,05). Hasil dan Pembahasan: Sebanyak 105 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi terdapat 36 dengan IMT normal dan 69 dengan IMT obesitas. Melalui kuesioner NRS, pada kelompok IMT normal terdapat 10 yang mengalami dismenore dan 26 tidak dismenore, sedangkan pada kelompok IMT obesitas didapatkan 44 yang mengalami dismenore dan 25 tidak dismenore. Hasil analisis secara statistik dengan uji Pearson’s Chi-Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna diantara dua kelompok tersebut dengan nilai p = 0,001 dan Odds Ratio (OR) = 4,576. Terdapat perbedaan dengan penelitian terdahulu yang dilakukan pada FK Udayana dengan responden rata-rata IMT dari semua kategori. Hal tersebut diduga karena pada keadaan obesitas terdapat jaringan lemak lebih yang memicu peningkatan kadar prostaglandin yang menyebabkan peningkatan kontraktilitas uterus sehingga terjadi dismenore. Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini sesuai dengan hipotesis yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara obesitas dengan dismenore pada mahasiswi FK UPH. Odds Ratio (OR) sebesar 4,576 menunjukkan bahwa peluang kejadian dismenore 4,576 kali lebih besar bagi wanita yang memiliki IMT obesitas. Kata Kunci: dismenore, obesitas, mahasiswi kedokteran / Background: Riskesdas 2018 reported that the prevalence of obesity or overweight at the age of over 18 years reached 21.8% and was dominated by women. Body mass index or BMI is calculated by dividing body weight (kg) by height (m2). BMI is used as a determinant of a person’s nutritional status and is categorized as underweight, normal, overweight, or obese. The obese category is thought to be one of the risk factors for dysmenorrhea. It’s because there is excess fat tissue that causes hormonal disturbances, resulting in increased uterine contractility. There have been many reports regarding the relationship between normal BMI and dysmenorrhea, but they are still showing insignificant results. Thus, further research is needed on the relationship between the obesity and the incidence of dysmenorrhea. Aim: This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between obesity and dysmenorrhea in medical students. Method: This research design is an analytic unpaired categorical comparative study. The BMI measurement questionnaire was distributed online to UPH medical students via google-form. Of the 105 respondents who met the inclusion criteria in the categories of normal BMI and overweight/obesity, the NRS (Numeric Rating Scale) questionnaire was given to assess their pain intensity of dysmenorrhea. The data obtained were processed using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-Square test in SPSS-25 with 95% CI (p-value<0.05). Results and Discussion: Of a total of 105 respondents who met the inclusion criteria, there were 36 of normal weight and 69 of obese. Through the NRS questionnaire in the group of normal weight, there were 10 who had experienced dysmenorrhea and 26 with no dysmenorrhea, while in the group of obese there were 44 who had experienced dysmenorrhea and 25 with no dysmenorrhea. The results of statistical analysis using Pearson's Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship with p-value = 0.001 and Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.576. There are differences in previous research conducted at Udayana Faculty of Medicine with the average BMI from all categories This is presumably because in obesity, there is excess fat tissue that triggers an increase in prostaglandin levels that causes an increase in uterine contractility, resulting in dysmenorrhea. Conclusion: The results of this study support the hypothesis that there is a relationship between obesity and dysmenorrhea in UPH Medical Faculty students. The OR of 4.576 indicates that the probability of the incidence of dysmenorrhea is 4.576 times greater for obese women. Keywords: dysmenorrhea, obesity, medical students

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Maria, RiniNIM01071170218riniolandamaria@gmail.com
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorAtmodjo, WahyuniNIDN0322085001wahyuni.atmodjo@yahoo.com
Uncontrolled Keywords: dysmenorrhea; obesity; medical students
Subjects: R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Medicine > Medicine
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Medicine > Medicine
Depositing User: Rini Olanda Maria
Date Deposited: 08 Dec 2022 06:55
Last Modified: 08 Dec 2022 06:55
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/51708

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