Maria, Rini (2022) Hubungan Antara Obesitas Terhadap Dismenore Pada Mahasiswi FK UPH. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
Latar Belakang: Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018 melaporkan bahwa
prevalensi obesitas atau kegemukan pada usia di atas 18 tahun mencapai 21,8% dan
didominasi oleh kaum perempuan. Indeks massa tubuh atau IMT merupakan salah
satu penentu status gizi seseorang yang dikategorikan kurus, normal, berat badan
lebih dan obesitas. Obesitas diduga merupakan salah satu faktor resiko terjadinya
dismenore karena adanya jaringan lemak lebih yang menyebabkan peningkatan
prostaglandin sehingga terjadi kontraktilitas uterus yang lebih. Walaupun telah
dilaporkan mengenai hubungan antara rata-rata IMT dari semua kategori dengan
dismenore, namun belum banyak diteliti mengenai hubungan khususnya antara
IMT kategori obesitas dengan dismenore.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat
hubungan antara IMT obesitas dengan kejadian dismenore pada mahasiswi.
Metode Penelitian: Desain penelitian ini berupa studi analitik komparatif
kategorik tidak berpasangan. Kuesioner pengukuran IMT dibagikan kepada
mahasiswi FK UPH secara daring melalui google-form. Sebanyak 105 responden
yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok I
dengan IMT kategori obesitas dan kelompok II dengan IMT kategori normal. Dari
masing-masing kelompok tersebut diberi kuesioner skala NRS (Numeric Rating
Scale) untuk menilai skala nyeri dismenore. Data yang diperoleh akan diolah
menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan dianalisis dengan uji Pearson’s Chi-Square
dengan program SPSS-25 dengan derajat kepercayaan 95% (p < 0,05).
Hasil dan Pembahasan: Sebanyak 105 responden yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi
terdapat 36 dengan IMT normal dan 69 dengan IMT obesitas. Melalui kuesioner
NRS, pada kelompok IMT normal terdapat 10 yang mengalami dismenore dan 26
tidak dismenore, sedangkan pada kelompok IMT obesitas didapatkan 44 yang
mengalami dismenore dan 25 tidak dismenore. Hasil analisis secara statistik dengan
uji Pearson’s Chi-Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna diantara
dua kelompok tersebut dengan nilai p = 0,001 dan Odds Ratio (OR) = 4,576.
Terdapat perbedaan dengan penelitian terdahulu yang dilakukan pada FK Udayana
dengan responden rata-rata IMT dari semua kategori. Hal tersebut diduga karena
pada keadaan obesitas terdapat jaringan lemak lebih yang memicu peningkatan
kadar prostaglandin yang menyebabkan peningkatan kontraktilitas uterus sehingga
terjadi dismenore.
Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini sesuai dengan hipotesis yang menunjukkan
adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara obesitas dengan dismenore pada
mahasiswi FK UPH. Odds Ratio (OR) sebesar 4,576 menunjukkan bahwa peluang
kejadian dismenore 4,576 kali lebih besar bagi wanita yang memiliki IMT obesitas.
Kata Kunci: dismenore, obesitas, mahasiswi kedokteran / Background: Riskesdas 2018 reported that the prevalence of obesity or overweight
at the age of over 18 years reached 21.8% and was dominated by women. Body
mass index or BMI is calculated by dividing body weight (kg) by height (m2). BMI
is used as a determinant of a person’s nutritional status and is categorized as
underweight, normal, overweight, or obese. The obese category is thought to be one
of the risk factors for dysmenorrhea. It’s because there is excess fat tissue that
causes hormonal disturbances, resulting in increased uterine contractility. There
have been many reports regarding the relationship between normal BMI and
dysmenorrhea, but they are still showing insignificant results. Thus, further
research is needed on the relationship between the obesity and the incidence of
dysmenorrhea.
Aim: This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between obesity
and dysmenorrhea in medical students.
Method: This research design is an analytic unpaired categorical comparative
study. The BMI measurement questionnaire was distributed online to UPH medical
students via google-form. Of the 105 respondents who met the inclusion criteria in
the categories of normal BMI and overweight/obesity, the NRS (Numeric Rating
Scale) questionnaire was given to assess their pain intensity of dysmenorrhea. The
data obtained were processed using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using Pearson’s
Chi-Square test in SPSS-25 with 95% CI (p-value<0.05).
Results and Discussion: Of a total of 105 respondents who met the inclusion
criteria, there were 36 of normal weight and 69 of obese. Through the NRS
questionnaire in the group of normal weight, there were 10 who had experienced
dysmenorrhea and 26 with no dysmenorrhea, while in the group of obese there were
44 who had experienced dysmenorrhea and 25 with no dysmenorrhea. The results
of statistical analysis using Pearson's Chi-Square test showed a significant
relationship with p-value = 0.001 and Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.576. There are
differences in previous research conducted at Udayana Faculty of Medicine with
the average BMI from all categories This is presumably because in obesity, there
is excess fat tissue that triggers an increase in prostaglandin levels that causes an
increase in uterine contractility, resulting in dysmenorrhea.
Conclusion: The results of this study support the hypothesis that there is a
relationship between obesity and dysmenorrhea in UPH Medical Faculty students.
The OR of 4.576 indicates that the probability of the incidence of dysmenorrhea is
4.576 times greater for obese women.
Keywords: dysmenorrhea, obesity, medical students
Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor) |
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Creators: | Creators NIM Email ORCID Maria, Rini NIM01071170218 riniolandamaria@gmail.com UNSPECIFIED |
Contributors: | Contribution Contributors NIDN/NIDK Email Thesis advisor Atmodjo, Wahyuni NIDN0322085001 wahyuni.atmodjo@yahoo.com |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | dysmenorrhea; obesity; medical students |
Subjects: | R Medicine > R Medicine (General) |
Divisions: | University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Medicine > Medicine Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Medicine > Medicine |
Depositing User: | Rini Olanda Maria |
Date Deposited: | 08 Dec 2022 06:55 |
Last Modified: | 08 Dec 2022 06:55 |
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/51708 |