Penentuan metode penurunan kadar kalsium oksalat dan metode ekstraksi glukomanan pada umbi porang merah (armophophallus muelleri) yang disimpan pada suhu -20oc = Determination of calcium oxalate reduction method and glucomanan extraction method from red porang tubers (armophophallus muelleri) stored in -20oc

Junadi, Jonathan (2024) Penentuan metode penurunan kadar kalsium oksalat dan metode ekstraksi glukomanan pada umbi porang merah (armophophallus muelleri) yang disimpan pada suhu -20oc = Determination of calcium oxalate reduction method and glucomanan extraction method from red porang tubers (armophophallus muelleri) stored in -20oc. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Umbi Porang (Armophophallus muelleri) merupakan sumber glukomanan yang berpotensial di Indonesia karena glukomanannya yang tinggi. Tetapi, umbi porang mengandung kalsium oksalat yang tinggi yang menyebabkan rasa gatal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi NaCl dan lama perendaman terhadap kadar kalsium oksalat dan menentukan konsentrasi dan lama perendaman terbaik untuk menurunkan kadar kalsium oksalat. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio sampel : pelarut dan lama perendaman terhadap kadar glukomanan dari sampel serta menentukan rasio dan lama perendaman terbaik dalam mendapatkan ekstrak glukomanan tertinggi. Konsentrasi NaCl yang digunakan adalah 10, 12, dan 14% dengan lama perendaman 25, 30, dan 35 menit. Rasio sampel : pelarut untuk sampel H+0 adalah 1:10, 1:15, dan 1:20. Untuk sampel H+30 1:15, 1:20, dan 1:25 dengan lama perendaman 15, 20, dan 25 menit. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, terdapat pengaruh dari NaCl dalam penurunan kadar kalsium oksalat untuk sampel H+0 dan H+30 dengan perlakuan terpilih 14% NaCl. Lama perendaman tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar kalsium oksalat sampel H+30 namun berpengaruh pada sampel H+0 dengan waktu terpilih 35 menit. Penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa terdapat pengaruh dari rasio sampel : pelarut dan lama perendaman terhadap ekstrak glukomanan. Perlakuan terpilih untuk sampel H+0 adalah 1:20 dengan perendaman 15 menit. Perlakuan terpilih untuk sampel H+30 adalah 1:15 dengan perendaman 15 menit. Hasil analisis proksimat untuk umbi H+0 dalam persen adalah kadar air 77,5949 ± 0,2927, kadar abu 3,7930 ± 0,1139, kadar protein 5,6055 ± 0,2081, kadar lemak 4,3241 ± 0,8878 dan kadar karbohidrat 86,2775 ± 1,0802. Hasil analisis proksimat untuk umbi H+30 dalam persen adalah kadar air 86,4266 ± 0,1553, kadar abu 6,3329 ± 0,1902, kadar protein 7,7486 ± 0,7005, kadar lemak 3,2232 ± 2,0060 dan kadar karbohidrat 82,6632 ± 2,4719. / Porang tubers (Armophophallus muelleri) are a potential source of glucomannan in Indonesia because of their high glucomannan content. However it contain high levels of calcium oxalate which cause itching. This study aims to determine the effect of NaCl concentration and soaking time on calcium oxalate levels and determine the best concentration and soaking time to reduce calcium oxalate levels. This research also aims to determine the effect of the sample : solvent ratio and soaking time on the glucomannan content of the sample and determining the best ratio and soaking time to obtain the highest glucomannan extract. The NaCl concentrations used in this research were 10, 12, and 14% with soaking times of 25, 30, and 35 minutes. The sample : solvent ratio used for the H+0 sample was 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20. For the H+30 it was 1:15, 1:20, and 1:25 with soaking time of 15, 20, and 25 minutes. The results were there was an influence of the NaCl solvent in reducing calcium oxalate levels for samples H+0 and H+30 with the selected treatment of 14% NaCl. Soaking time did not affect the calcium oxalate content of the H+30 sample but did affect the H+0 sample with a selected time of 35 minutes. This research also shows that there is an influence of the sample: solvent ratio and soaking time on the glucomannan extract. The selected treatment for the H+0 sample is 1:20 with a soaking time of 15 minutes, while the selected treatment for the H+30 sample is 1:15 with a soaking time of 15 minutes. The results of proximate analysis for H+0 tubers in percent were water content 77.5949 ± 0.2927, ash content 3.7930 ± 0.1139, protein content 5.6055 ± 0.2081, fat content 4.3241 ± 0.8878 and carbohydrate levels 86.2775 ± 1.0802. The results of proximate analysis for H+30 tubers in percent were water content 86.4266 ± 0.1553, ash content 6.3329 ± 0.1902, protein content 7.7486 ± 0.7005, fat content 3.2232 ± 2.0060 and carbohydrate levels 82.6632 ± 2.4719.

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