Tinjauan yuridis terhadap pembebasan lahan pada kawasan hutan untuk kegiatan usaha minyak dan gas bumi di Indonesia

Rea, Jeffry Scott Samuel (2019) Tinjauan yuridis terhadap pembebasan lahan pada kawasan hutan untuk kegiatan usaha minyak dan gas bumi di Indonesia. Masters thesis, Universtas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

The management of natural resources in the 1945 Constitution emphasizes the conception of the control of natural resources, including forest areas and oil and gas, by the State for the greatest prosperity of the people. In accordance with the provisions of the Forestry Law No. 41 of 1999 jo. Number 19 of 2004, land acquisition in forest areas for mining business activities, including oil and gas business in Indonesia may only be carried out in Production Forest areas and prohibits mining activities in Protection Forest and Conservation Forests. With the approval of the relevant Minister, the function of Protected Forest can be converted into Production Forest. As stipulated in Law Number 22 Year 2001 concerning Oil and Gas, as lex specialis in terms of land acquisition for mining businesses, has not specifically regulated it so that it has the potential to create chaos since the start of oil and gas exploitation and exploration, to post-mining. The hope is that all stakeholders of the Oil and Gas sector in Indonesia have the same spirit in order to support national economic development while still paying attention to environmental sustainability, especially the forest area which is the place for oil and gas business. This means that the development and implementation of oil and gas exploitation are interpreted as broadly as possible for the maximum prosperity of the people and create national sovereignty. This is at the same time dismissing allegations that the Oil and Gas Law is merely an order from a foreign contractor that manages more oil and gas potential which is so abundant in Indonesia. / Pengaturan pengelolaan sumber daya alam di dalam UUD 1945 menekankan konsepsi penguasaan sumber daya alam, termasuk kawasan hutan serta minyak dan gas bumi, oleh Negara untuk sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat. Kajian yuridis terhadap norma-norma dalam Undang-Undang tentang Kehutanan Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 jo. Nomor 19 Tahun 2004, menunjukkan bahwa pembebasan lahan pada kawasan hutan untuk kegiatan usaha pertambangan, termasuk usaha migas di Indonesia hanya boleh dilakukan di kawasan Hutan Produksi dan melarang kegiatan tambang di kawasan Hutan Lindung dan Hutan Konservasi. Dengan persetujuan Menteri terkait, dapat dialihkan fungsi Hutan Lindung menjadi Hutan Produksi; sedangkan untuk kawasan hutan yang telah berfungsi sebagai Hutan Produksi dapat dimintakan Izin Pinjam Pakai Kawasan Hutan. Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2001 tentang MIGAS, sebagai lex specialis dalam hal pembebasan lahan usaha pertambangan, belum mengatumya secara spesifik sehingga berpotensi memunculkan sengkarut sejak dimulainya eksploitasi dan ekplorasi migas, hingga pasca tambang. Pengaturan yang tegas mengenai pembebasan lahan kawasan hutan untuk sektor MIGAS sehingga tidak menimbulkan dualisme. Harapannya adalah agar seluruh stakeholders sektor MIGAS di Indonesia mempunyai spirit yang sama dalam pelaksanaan pengusahaan MIGAS diartikan seluas-luasnya untuk sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat dan menciptakan kedaulatan nasional. Hal ini sekaligus untuk menepis dugaan bahwa Undang-Undang MIGAS semata-mata merupakan pesanan dari kontraktor asing yang lebih banyak mengelola potensi minyak bumi dan gas bumi yang demikian melimpah di Indonesia.

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