Identifikasi Molekuler Isolat Fungi Pendekolorisasi Pewarna Tekstil Komersial = Molecular Identification of Fungal Isolates as Biological Agents for the Decolorization of Commercial Textile Dye

Anastasia, Livi (2020) Identifikasi Molekuler Isolat Fungi Pendekolorisasi Pewarna Tekstil Komersial = Molecular Identification of Fungal Isolates as Biological Agents for the Decolorization of Commercial Textile Dye. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Industri tekstil telah memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) di Indonesia. Namun proses pengolahan industri tekstil menghasilkan limbah pewarna tekstil yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan dan makhluk hidup. Dekolorisasi pewarna tekstil menggunakan mikroorganisme saat ini menjadi pertimbangan untuk diaplikasikan dengan memperhatikan beberapa kriteria, yaitu mikroorganisme tidak bersifat patogen dan tidak menghasilkan produk degradasi yang berbahaya. Produk olahan fermentasi makanan, seperti tapai singkong, dapat menjadi sumber untuk memperoleh mikroorganisme pendekolorisasi pewarna tekstil, karena memenuhi kriteria Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). Tiga isolat fungi yang telah diisolasi dari tapai singkong menunjukkan potensi yang tinggi sebagai pendekolorisasi pewarna tekstil komersial, namun belum dilakukan identifikasi terhadap ketiga isolat fungi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi isolat fungi pendekolorisasi pewarna tekstil komersial secara molekuler. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan identifikasi secara morfologi, ekstraksi DNA, amplifikasi daerah marker, sequencing, serta analisis homologi dan filogenetik. Melalui penelitian ini, ketiga isolat yang memiliki aktivitas tinggi dalam mendekolorisasi pewarna tekstil komersial diduga merupakan Aspergillus welwitschiae dan Saccharomycopsis fibuligera / The textile industry has contributed significantly to Indonesia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). However, processes in the textile industry produce textile dye wastewater that is toxic to the environment and living things. Nowadays, one method of decolorization being developed is the usage of microorganisms. The requirements are that these microorganisms be non-pathogenic and do not generate any toxic degradation products. A fermented food, such as fermented cassava or cassava tapai, may become a source for isolation of biological agents for the decolorization of textile dye wastewater, since it complies the Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) requirements. Three fungal isolates obtained from fermented cassava showed a promising result as the biological agents for the decolorization of commercial textile dye wastewater. Therefore, this study was conducted for the molecular identification of fungal isolates as the biological agents for the decolorization of commercial textile dye wastewater. This study has done morphological identification of fungi, DNA extraction, marker region amplification, sequencing, as well as homology and phylogenetic analysis. Based on this study, the three fungal isolates that have promising activities in the decolorization of commercial textile dyes were denoted temporarily as Aspergillus welwitschiae and Saccharomycopsis fibuligera.

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