Tanjung, Albert (2016) Hubah tanah kaum menurut hukum adat Minangkabau dan hukum tanah nasional (studi kasus putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia no.1331/k/pdt/2005). Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
The existence of tanah ulayat (communal land) as a right of possession over land
in Indonesia is recognized by Law - Act No. 5/1960 about the Indonesian Basic
Agrarian Law, contained in Article 3 and Article 5, supported by Law - 1945
Article 18 letter b paragraph (2). As long as they exist, hak ulayat (communal land
rights) are recognized in the order of National Land Law. Therefore, it is also
valid for hak ulayat of Indigenous Minangkabau society that still exist today.
There are several kinds of hak ulayat according to the Customary Law of
Minangkabau, one of them is hak ulayat kaum (clan communal land rights) or also
called tanah kaum (clan communal land). Tanah kaum has become the object of
research in this thesis. Tanah kaum is a high-inherited wealth which according to
Minangkabau Customary Law, the ownership should not be transferred to another
party except certain things. Tanah kaum can only be given to the another party
with special rule called ganggam bauntuak (right of use) based on grant. Grants
can be made either orally or written. Consequently, it becomes a problem against
the decision of Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia No.1331/K/Pdt/2005
states that the grants in written form are valid but not orally. The decision of
Indonesian Supreme Court has implications for the inclusion of tanah kaum
owned by grantor to the grantee called harta susuk (inserted-wealth) which finally
becomes High-inherited Wealth for the grantee. Harta susuk is a Low-inherited
Wealth inserted into the High-inherited Wealth for generations at least 3 (three)
offspring. Furthermore, it is necessary to study the land grant arrangement
according to Minangkabau Customary Law and National Land Law as well as the
suitability of the implementation of the grant according to decision of the
Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia No.1331 / K / Pdt / 2005 as well as
Minangkabau Customary Law and National Land Law. Research method used is a
normative juridical research which is descriptive. Data collection is conducted
through literature study with secondary data and analyzed qualitatively. From
these results, it can be concluded that the grants were made either orally or written
is legal under Customary Law of Minangkabau, while according to the National
Land Law the grants should be made by PPAT grant deed which then registered to
the local Land Office and the decision of the Supreme Court of the Republic of
Indonesia Number.1331 / K / Pdt / 2005 is not in accordance with the provisions
of the grant according to Customary Law of Minangkabau supported by the
National Land Law. / Keberadaan tanah ulayat sebagai hak penguasaan atas tanah di Indonesia diakui
berdasarkan Undang – Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar
Pokok – Pokok Agraria, dimuat pada Pasal 3 dan Pasal 5, didukung oleh Undang
– Undang Dasar 1945 Pasal 18 huruf b ayat (2). Selama masih ada, hak ulayat
diakui eksistensinya dalam tatanan Hukum Tanah Nasional. Begitupun halnya
dengan hak ulayat masyarakat Hukum Adat Minangkabau yang masih ada hingga
saat ini. Menurut Hukum Adat Minangkabau hak ulayat terdiri dari beberapa
macam, salah satunya hak ulayat kaum atau yang disebut juga dengan tanah
kaum. Tanah kaum merupakan salah satunya dan sekaligus menjadi objek
penelitian dalam tesis ini. Tanah kaum adalah Harta Pusaka Tinggi yang menurut
Hukum Adat Minangkabau tidak boleh dialihkan kepemilikannya kepada pihak
lain, kecuali atas hal – hal tertentu sebagaimana ketentuan Hukum Adat
Minangkabau. Tanah kaum hanya dapat diberikan kepada pihak lain secara
ganggam bauntuak (hak pakai) berdasarkan hibah. Hibah dapat dilakukan baik
secara lisan maupun tertulis. Hal ini menjadi masalah terhadap putusan
Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia No.1331/K/Pdt/2005 yang memutus tidak
sah hibah secara lisan dan sah hibah secara tertulis. Putusan Mahkamah Agung
Republik Indonesia berimplikasi kepada dimasukkannya tanah kaum milik
pemberi hibah oleh penerima hibah ke dalam harta susuk sehingga menjadi Harta
Pusaka Tinggi kaum penerima hibah. Harta susuk adalah Harta Pusaka Rendah
yang disisipkan menjadi Harta Pusaka tinggi secara turun temurun selama
minimal 3 (tiga) keturunan. Untuk itu diperlukan penelitian mengenai pengaturan
hibah tanah menurut Hukum Adat Minangkabau dan Hukum Tanah Nasional serta
kesesuaian pelaksanaan hibah putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia
No.1331/K/Pdt/2005 terhadap Hukum Adat Minangkabau dan Hukum Tanah
Nasional. Metode penetilitan yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif
yang bersifat deskriptif, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustakaan
dengan data sekunder dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian ini,
dapat disimpulkan bahwa hibah yang dilakukan baik secara lisan maupun tertulis
adalah sah menurut Hukum Adat Minangkabau, sedangkan menurut Hukum
Tanah Nasional hibah dilakukan berdasarkan akta hibah PPAT yang kemudian
didaftarkan kepada Kantor Pertanahan setempat dan putusan Mahkamah Agung
Republik Indonesia No.1331/K/Pdt/2005 tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan hibah
menurut Hukum Adat Minangkabau yang didukung oleh Hukum Tanah Nasional.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
---|---|
Creators: | Creators NIM Email ORCID Tanjung, Albert NIM00000010274 UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED |
Contributors: | Contribution Contributors NIDN/NIDK Email Thesis advisor Pandamdari, Endang NIDN0313026002 UNSPECIFIED |
Additional Information: | T 56-14 TAN h |
Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
Divisions: | University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Notary Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Master of Notary |
Depositing User: | Phillips Iman Heri Wahyudi |
Date Deposited: | 11 Dec 2020 06:42 |
Last Modified: | 03 Dec 2021 06:58 |
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/13279 |