The construction of Muhammad in mass media : The semiotics analysis of jyllands – posten’s 12 faces of Muhammad, the innocence of muslims movie, and Ali Sina’s biography of Muhammad comic book) = Konstruksi Muhammad dalam media massa : Analisa semiotika pada jylland-posten “12 faces of Muhammad”, film “the innocence of muslims”, dan Ali Sina “biography of Muhammad”

Quamila, Ajeng (2014) The construction of Muhammad in mass media : The semiotics analysis of jyllands – posten’s 12 faces of Muhammad, the innocence of muslims movie, and Ali Sina’s biography of Muhammad comic book) = Konstruksi Muhammad dalam media massa : Analisa semiotika pada jylland-posten “12 faces of Muhammad”, film “the innocence of muslims”, dan Ali Sina “biography of Muhammad”. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

This research is aimed to analyze the construction of Muhammad’ persona and character portrayed by the The Jyllands-Posten newspaper cartoon editorial of 12 Faces of Muhammad, Ali Sina’s Biography of Muhammad comic book, and the Innocence of Muslims movie. Peircean semiotic analysis is used to find out major implicit meanings held by the signs prominent in each of the media through the analysis of the trichotomies of sign: sign classification (qualisign, sinsign, and legisign), object classification (icon, index, and symbol), and interpretant classification (rheme, dicent sign, and argument). The construction of Muhammad portrayed in the above-mentioned media is also analyzed through character assassination perspective. Result shows that the three selected media underlie a hidden agenda that accentuates Muhammad as the prominent symbol of Islam is an individual who constitutes several negative traits, as shown through the methods of character assassination attempt. Correspondingly, Jyllands-Posten newspaper cartoon editorial of 12 Faces of Muhammad and Ali Sina’s Biography of Muhammad had also risen racial and ethnicity discrimination with the overgeneralization that typically characterize the Western representation of Muslims and Arab while compressing them in one individual. / Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa konstruksi sosial terhadap Muhammad sebagaimana yang digambarkan oleh karikatur editorial 12 Faces of Muhammad dalam surat kabar Jylland-Posten, buku komik Biography of Muhammad oleh Ali Sina, dan film Innocence of Muslims. Analisis trikotomi tanda milik Peirce yang menjadi bagian dari analisis semiotika digunakan untuk menganalisis berbagai macam makna implisit yang terkandung dalam tanda – tanda penting di dalam setiap media, yang kemudian terbagi dalam: klasifikasi tanda (qualisign, sinsign, dan legisign), klasifikasi objek (icon, index, dan symbol), dan klasifikasi interpretan (rheme, dicent sign, dan argument). Konstruksi karakter dan persona Muhammad dalam ketiga media tersebut di atas kemudian juga dianalisis menggunakan perspektif Pembunuhan Karakter. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa karikatur editorial 12 Faces of Muhammad dalam surat kabar Jylland-Posten, buku komik Biography of Muhammad oleh Ali Sina, dan film Innocence of Muslims menampilkan konstruksi sosial yang menonjolkan bahwa Muhammad sebagai seorang simbol penting dalam agama Islam adalah individual yang memiliki kualitas - kualitas karakter negatif, seperti yang telah ditunjukan melalui beragam metode media dalam melakukan pembunuhan karakter. Lebih jauh lagi, ketiga media tersebut juga mengangkat isu diskriminasi ras dan etnisitas dengan melakukan “overgeneralisasi” yang membentuk representasi seragam terhadap karakterisasi “Muslim” dan “Arab” sebagai satu kesatuan dan kemudian meleburnya dalam satu persona yang sangat berbeda.

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