Life cycle assessment (LCA) produk cold storage di PT. Airtech Inti Karawaci

Hardantyo, Ivan (2021) Life cycle assessment (LCA) produk cold storage di PT. Airtech Inti Karawaci. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Produk cold storage merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam industri khususnya sektor pangan. Peran cold storage adalah menjaga food safety dikarenakan bahan makanan memerlukan kondisi suhu rendah agar dapat terjaga kesegarannya sehingga layak konsumsi. Dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan cold storage tidak dapat dipisahkan dari keseluruhan nilai daur hidup makanan yang menjadi kebutuhan pokok manusia. Indonesia merupakan negara berkembang dengan kebutuhan cold storage yang diproyeksikan terus meningkat antara 10% - 20% setiap tahunnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melaksanakan LCA pada produk cold storage buatan PT. Airtech Inti Karawaci untuk melihat dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan berdasarkan data produksi, skenario pemakaian dan skenario masa habis pakai. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk memberikan masukan dalam bentuk usulan perbaikan atau rekomendasi bagi perusahaan dan decision maker untuk memperkecil potensi dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan baik dari proses produksi maupun pemakaian dan akhir masa pakai. Perhitungan potensi dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan menggunakan perangkat lunak SimaPro dengan memanfaatkan database Ecoinvent dan USLCI. Potensi dampak yang dihitung terdiri dari 7 kategori yaitu potensi pemanasan global, potensi asidifikasi, potensi eutrofikasi, abiotic depletion, photochemical oxidation potential, ozone depletion potential, dan abiotic depletion fossil fuel. Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari berbagai sumber yaitu kajian literatur, wawancara, dan observasi di lingkungan pabrik. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapat, proses yang menjadi hotspot adalah tahap pemakaian untuk seluruh kategori dampak. Tahap pemakaian memiliki peranan rata - rata sebesar 96,74% dari seluruh dampak kategori. Tahap pemakaian memiliki 2 input yaitu penggunaan listrik dan juga refrigeran. Skenario penggunaan listrik selama 10 tahun menyumbang peran rata – rata sebesar 98,23% dari seluruh dampak kategori sedangkan penggunaan refrigeran selama skenario 10 tahun hanya berkontribusi sebesar 1,77%. / Cold storage is one of the important components on food and beverages industry. Cold storage functions as a device to keep the shelf life of the food inside it longer, thus preventing unecessary waste. The food that needs to be kept indsie of a cold storage needs to be kept at low temperature to maintain freshness. The environmental impact that is produced by the usage of the cold storage becomes inseparable from the whole life cycle of the food which is one of the basic human needs. Indonesia is a developing country with increasing needs of cold storage annualy from 10% to 20%. The aim of this research is to conduct life cycle assessment of cold storage made by PT. Airtech Inti Karawaci to determine the potential hazard to the environment based on manufacturing data, usage scenario, and waste treatment scenario. The result will be used to conclude recommendations for the company and decision maker to minimize potential impact on the environment. The studies will make use of SimaPro software as well as Ecoinvent and USLCI database. The assessment will be carried out in the category of potential impact of global warming, acidification, eutrophication, Abiotic depletion, photochemical oxidation potential, ozone depletion potential, and abiotic depletion fossil fuel. This research uses data from various sources, such as literature review, interview, observation, and others. Based on the result obtained, the process that contributes the most to potential hazard of all categories after averaging is the usage stage. The usage stage contributes to 96,74% average of all category. The usage stage has 2 inputs, electricity and refrigerant. According to the scenario of 10 years of usage, electricity contributes 98,23% and only left 1,77% to the refrigerant usage.

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