Rancang bangun kursi roda model mini menggunakan kontrol PID dan sensor garis melalui smartphone = Design and build of mini wheelchair model using PID control and line sensor via smartphone

Gunawan, Rendy (2021) Rancang bangun kursi roda model mini menggunakan kontrol PID dan sensor garis melalui smartphone = Design and build of mini wheelchair model using PID control and line sensor via smartphone. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Skripsi ini membahas mengenai perancangan kursi roda model mini yang dapat menyeimbangkan dudukan kursi roda dilengkapi dengan fitur mengikuti garis dan dapat dikendalikan melalui smartphone. Perancangan kursi roda model mini dilakukan untuk membuktikan konsep yang penulis rancang sehingga kursi roda model mini dapat dirancang dengan skala yang sama dengan kursi roda pada umumnya untuk meringankan pekerjaan tim medis dalam usaha merawat pasiennya dan meningkatkan kenyamanan pengguna kursi roda saat berhadapan dengan permukaan miring. Kursi roda model mini dilengkapi dengan platform sebagai dudukan kursi roda menggunakan kontrol PID sebagai kontrol keseimbangannya. Dudukan kursi roda model mini dirancang dan dimodifikasi menyerupai kursi dengan menggunakan bahan akrilik yang disatukan dengan servo motor MG996R sebagai aktuator. Fitur pengikut garis dan dapat dikendalikan smartphone melalui bluetooth dikontrol oleh mikrokontroler ESP32. Dalam perancangan kursi roda model mini, dibutuhkan beberapa komponen penting seperti mikrokontroler Arduino Uno, mikrokontroler ESP32, servo motor, sensor accelerometer dan gyroscope, sensor inframerah, dan motor DC. Penulis menggunakan metode tuning Ziegler-Nichols untuk memperoleh parameter PID yaitu: Kp, Ki, dan Kd. Arduino Uno diprogram untuk memproses pembacaan accelerometer dan gyroscope yang dibandingkan dengan referensi sudut sebagai informasi untuk menggerakkan servo sedangkan ESP32 diprogram untuk memproses pembacaan dan perintah yang diperoleh dari modul inframerah dan joystick dari aplikasi Blynk. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kursi roda model mini adalah nilai Kp = 1.2, Ki = 9.6, dan Kd = 0.1 pada sumbu X dan nilai Kp = 3, Ki = 30, dan Kd = 0.075 pada sumbu Y dengan metode Ziegler-Nichols. Penulis memperoleh keseimbangan kursi roda model mini dengan hasil dudukan horizontal setelah 2 detik. Selain itu, penulis juga melakukan pengujian terhadap beberapa sudut kemiringan untuk mengetahui respons sistem kontrol saat tidak diberi beban maupun diberi beban 1800 gram. Hasil sistem balancing membutuhkan waktu rata-rata 2 detik untuk sumbu X dan sumbu Y untuk menyeimbangkan dudukan. / This thesis discuss the design of mini wheelchair that can balance the wheelchair seat equipped with line follower feature and can be controlled via smartphone. The design of mini wheelchair model is done to prove the concept that the author designed so that the mini wheelchair can be designed on the same scale as a wheelchair in general to ease the work of the medical team in caring its patients and increasing the comfort of wheelchair users when dealing with sloping surfaces. The mini wheelchair model is equipped with a platform as a wheelchair seat that uses PID control as the balancing control. The mini wheelchair seat is designed and modified to resemble a chair using an acrylic material which is combined with the MG996R servo motor as an actuator. The line follower feature and smartphones controllable via bluetooth is controlled by ESP32 microcontroller. In designing a mini wheelchair model, several important components are needed, such as the Arduino microcontroller, ESP32 microcontroller, servo motor, accelerometer and gyroscope sensors, infrared sensors, and DC motors. The author uses the Ziegler- Nichols method to support the mini wheelchair model by obtaining the PID parameters, namely: Kp, Ki, and Kd. The Arduino is programmed to process accelerometer and gyroscope readings compared to the angle reference as information to drive the servo motor while ESP32 is programmed to process readings and commands obtained from the infrared module and joystick from Blynk application. The results obtained from the mini wheelchair model are the values of Kp = 1.2, Ki = 9.6, and Kd = 0.1 on the X axis and the values of Kp = 3, Ki = 30, and Kd = 0.075 on the Y axis using Ziegler-Nichols method. The author obtained a mini wheelchair balance with a horizontal seat after 2 seconds. In addition, the author also tested several tilt angles to determine the response of the control system when neither loaded nor given a load of 1800 grams. The result of the balancing system takes an average of 2 seconds for the X-axis and Y-axis to balance the stand.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Gunawan, RendyNIM01032170015rendy7gunawan7@gmail.com
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorPardede, MarincanNIDN0329127001marincan.pardede@uph.edu
Uncontrolled Keywords: accelerometer; arduino uno; bluetooth; gyroscope; kursi roda; motor dc; pengikut garis; PID; servo motor; Ziegler-Nichols
Subjects: T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Electrical Engineering
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Electrical Engineering
Depositing User: Users 3922 not found.
Date Deposited: 04 Mar 2021 00:59
Last Modified: 02 Mar 2022 05:46
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/26882

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