Konstruksi identitas kolektif pada komunitas virtual Liverpool fans club Facebook

Ahmad, Nino Kemal (2016) Konstruksi identitas kolektif pada komunitas virtual Liverpool fans club Facebook. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

The authentic fans of Liverpool FC known its loyalty and their collective identity which formed through their habitus, the white male working class and the Tragedy of Heysel 1985 and Hillsborough 1989. The exsistence of fans has spreading globally due the factor of globalisation which create virtual fans. Therefore, the research need to be conducted in order to know and to understand on how the collective identity is formed among virtual fans. This research is under qualitative approach and interpretative paradigm using the method of virtual ethnography. The data collection is conducted through primary data, interview and participant observation while secondary data mainly taken from literature review such books, article and journal. The interview conducted involved participant from YNWA and FLI online fans community. The reserach shows that the collective identity of virtual fans mainy formed through the pride, loyalty - which shown by the LFC former player - and facilitated through online community. Other than that, the use of #YNWA also become a key symbol in the forming of collective identity. Although Heysel and Hillsborough insignificantly forming the identity, these events create collective awareness among fans in how they are suppose to behave in real world or virtually. / Liverpool FC memiliki fans fanatik bukan hanya di Inggris tetapi juga di seluruh dunia. Fans fanatik atau fans otentik ini memiliki nilai loyalitas tanpa batas dan identitas kolektif yang terbentuk melalui habitus mereka, yaitu kelas pekerja kulit putih yang didominasi laki-laki, dan peristiwa Tragedi Heysel 1985 dan Hillsborough 1989. Eksistensi fans LFC semakin meluas dimana globalisasi mendorong terbentuknya mediated-fans atau fans virtual. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penelitian untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola komunikasi dan identitas kolektif fans LFC di dunia virtual terbentuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian etnografi virtual. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan data primer, yaitu wawancara dan observasi partisipan, serta data sekunder berupa studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Wawancara dilakukan kepada para partisipan di komunitas fans LFC virtual di Facebook, YOU’LL NEVER WALK ALONE dan Fans Liverpool Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa identitas kolektif fans virtual terbentuk melalui hubungan emosional yang melahirkan kebanggaan diri (pride) terhadap klub dan mengandung nilai kesetiaan, role-model pemain LFC serta penggunaan slogan YNWA (You’ll Never Walk Alone) sebagai simbol kunci dalam proses interaksi fans. Tragedi Heysel dan Hillsborough tidak berpengaruh signifikan dalam pembentukan identitas kolektif meskipun kedua peristiwa ini melahirkan kesadaran kolektif terkait bagaimana seharusnya fans bersikap di dunia nyata atau virtual.

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