Analisis administrasi kontrak pengadaan jasa konstruksi pada proyek bumn yang mengacu kepada fidic dan perpres no.54/2010 beserta perubahannya tentang pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah (studi kasus: PT. X)

Sunarsih, Cucun (2017) Analisis administrasi kontrak pengadaan jasa konstruksi pada proyek bumn yang mengacu kepada fidic dan perpres no.54/2010 beserta perubahannya tentang pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah (studi kasus: PT. X). Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Procurement has a very important role in the implementation of construction services, where the contractual purpose or end of procurement process of goods/services must successfully complete the project. One of the important things in the procurement process is construction of ccontracts. Indonesian construction industry currently does not have a regulation concerning the applicable contract standard. But in practice, some of construction contracts used either refers to presidential decree (Perpres No 54/2010) and its amendmnets on procurement of government goods/services, FIDIC, JCT etc. In the past ten years, a joint venture company whose majority share is owned by a state-owned company (PT X) has some dispute with contractors resulting in a loss of approximately 20 billion. The problems to be solved in this research are: how the portrait of construction works procurement contract at state-owned enterprises especially PT X. what are the important aspects of procurement contract of construction service according to FIDIC and Presidential Decree No 54/2010 along with its amendment and recommending the improvement of procurement system in PT X based on this research. The method used in this research is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods conducted through the dissemination of questionnaires and expert interviews. The quantitative method is solved using SPSS 24 program, with two main variables: contract administration as independent variable and procurement performance as dependent variable. The result of analysis using SPSS 24 program shows that there are eight important contract variables with adjusted R square value of 88.1%. The important aspects of construction service procurement contract acccording to FIDIC silver book and Presidential Regulation No. 54/2010 are Preparation Factor of Contract Implementation which includes variable X1 (determination of communication procedures/correspondence), varible X2 (meeting implementation), variable X5 (implementation of EPC contract administration); Variations and Adjustment Management Factor includes variable X6 (limitation of variation and adjustments); Payment Management Factor includes variable X11 ( management of work payment in accordance with the agreement); Factor of Guarantee Management includes variable X20 (managing advance payment with guarantee); Dispute Settlement Factor includes variable X26 (management of dispute settlement through arbitration/court); Implementation of Sanctions/Penalties Factor includes variable X28 (management of giving sanctions penalties for the parties who commit violations). Based on the analysis that has been conducted in this research, it can be concluded that PT X needs to standardize and enforce coordination meeting for all projects either big or small, critical or non critical; perform audio or visual documentation for critical coordination meetings, tighten the terms of use of PC and EPC contract types, and make Operational Standards Dispute resolution procedures. / Pengadaan memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam penyelenggaraan jasa konstruksi, dimana tujuan kontraktual atau akhir proses pengadaan barang/jasa harus berhasil menyelesaikan proyek. Salah satu hal penting dalam proses pengadaan adalah pembuatan kontrak. Industri konstruksi Indonesia saat ini belum memiliki standar kontrak yang berlaku. Namun dalam pelaksanaannya, kontrak-kontrak konstruksi yang digunakan sebagian mengacu kepada Perpres No 54/2010 tentang pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah, FIDIC, JCT dll. Dalam kurun waktu sepuluh tahun terakhir, sebuah perusahaan joint venture yang saham mayoritasnya dimiliki oleh BUMN (PT X) mengalami perselisihan dengan penyedia jasa baik dalam bidang konstruksi dengan total kerugian kurang lebih 20 milyar. Adapun permasalahan yang akan diselesaikan dalam penelitian ini adalah: bagaimana potret kontrak pengadaan jasa konstruksi pada proyek BUMN khususnya PT X, apa saja aspek-aspek penting kontrak pengadaan jasa konstruksi menurut FIDIC dan Perpres No 54/2010 beserta perubahannya serta bagaimana analisis perbaikan terhadap sistem pengadaan di PT X berdasarkan penelitian ini. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah gabungan antara metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif yang dilakukan melalui penyebaran kuesioner dan wawancara pakar. Adapun metode kuantitatif diselesaikan menggunakan program SPSS 24, dengan dua variabel utama yaitu administrasi kontrak sebagai variabel independen dan kinerja pengadaan sebagai variabel dependen. Hasil analisis dengan program SPSS 24 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat delapan variabel penting kontrak dengan nilai adjusted R square sebesar 88,1%. Adapun aspekaspek penting kontrak pengadaan jasa konstruksi menurut FIDIC silver book dan Perpres No 54/2010 yaitu Faktor Persiapan Pelaksanaan Kontrak yang meliputi variabel X1 (penentuan prosedur komunikasi/surat menyurat), variabel X2 (pelaksanaan rapat), variabel X5 (pelaksanaan administrasi kontrak EPC), Faktor Pengelolaan Variations and Adjustment meliputi variabel X6 (pembatasan jumlah variation and adjustments); Faktor Pengelolaan Pembayaran meliputi variabel X11 (pengelolaan pembayaran pekerjaan sesuai dengan kesepakatan); Faktor Pengelolaan Jaminan meliputi variabel X20 (mengelola pemberian uang muka dengan jaminan); Faktor Penyelesaian Sengketa meliputi variabel X26 (pengelolaan penyelesaian perselisihan melalui arbitrase/pengadilan); Faktor Penerapan Sanksi/Penalti meliputi variabel X28 (pengelolaan pemberian sanksi/penalti bagi para pihak yang melakukan pelanggaran). Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan dalam penelitian ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa PT X perlu melakukan standarisasi dan pemberlakuan rapat koordinasi bagi seluruh proyek besar maupun kecil, kritis maupun non kritis; melakukan dokumentasi audio atau visual untuk rapat-rapat koordinasi yang kritis, memperketat persyaratan penggunaan jenis kontrak PC dan EPC, serta membuat Standar Operasional Prosedur penyelesaian sengketa.

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