Akibat hukum perjanjian pengakuan hutang dan perjanjian gadai saham dalam perseroan terbatas penanaman modal asing (pt.pma) yang dibuat sebagai suatu perjanjian back to back

Mujiono, Wulandhari Utami (2018) Akibat hukum perjanjian pengakuan hutang dan perjanjian gadai saham dalam perseroan terbatas penanaman modal asing (pt.pma) yang dibuat sebagai suatu perjanjian back to back. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

In Indonesia there are requirements for share investment in specific sector, particularly in the requirements for shareholding, causing foreign share investor could not have full control in their company. Full control and management towards their company is an important aspect for foreign investor to gain benefit from it. Such matter generally encourages foreign investors to practice the shares ownership of a limited liability company by using the name of someone else who is an Indonesian citizen by making a back to back agreement. The methods used on this research is the normative juridical research that is based on of literature study. Based on the research, the writer found that acknowledgment of indebtedness and the pledge of shares agreement which made as back to back agreement in this research as an attempt to avoid of the regulatory factor that is the restriction of share ownership regulated in the regulation that is Regulation of the President of The Republic of Indonesia Number 44 of 2016 Concerning List of Business Field That are closed to Investment and Business Fields That Are Conditionally Open for Investment. Therefore acknowledgment of indebtedness and the pledge of shares agreement in this research which made as back to back agreement will be considered as evasion of law. / Di Indonesia karena adanya kriteria serta persyaratan untuk penanaman modal pada bidang usaha tertentu, terutama syarat kepemilikan saham, menyebabkan penanam modal asing tidak dapat menguasai secara penuh akan kontrol dan manajemen akan perusahaannya. Hal inilah yang umumnya mendorong penanam modal asing melakukan praktik kepemilikan saham perseroan terbatas dengan memakai nama orang lain yang berkewarganegaraan Indonesia dengan membuat perjanjian back to back. Metode penelitian yang digunakan penulis dalam penulisan ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif yaitu metode yang dilakukan berdasarkan studi kepustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh penulis, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perjanjian pengakuan hutang dan perjanjian gadai saham yang merupakan perjanjian back to back dalam penelitian ini terjadi sebagai upaya untuk menghindari faktor regulasi yaitu pembatasan kepemilikan saham yang diatur dalam regulasi yaitu Peraturan Presiden No. 44 Tahun 2016 tentang Daftar Bidang Usaha yang Tertutup dan Bidang Usaha yang Terbuka dengan Persyaratan di Bidang Penanaman Modal. Dengan demikian perjanjian pengakuan hutang dan akta gadai saham dalam penelitian ini yang dibuat sebagai perjanjian back to back dapat dikatakan sebagai penyelundupan hukum.

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