Pengaruh musik klasik terhadap sustained attention mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran = The effect of classical music on sustained attention of medical students

Rusli, Laurencya Stephanie (2021) Pengaruh musik klasik terhadap sustained attention mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran = The effect of classical music on sustained attention of medical students. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Musik klasik merupakan kumpulan melodi dan harmoni yang sangat kompleks. Musik klasik seringkali dihubungkan dengan fungsi kognitif. Sustained attention memampukan seseorang untuk tetap fokus terhadap suatu tugas dalam jangka waktu yang lama sehingga dapat mempertahankan usaha yang dilakukan meski terjadi perubahan pada kondisi lingkungan sekitar. Tidak jarang mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran didapati mengalami gangguan tidur berupa kualitas tidur yang buruk ataupun waktu tidur yang kurang. Kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan keletihan mental yang kemudian menurunkan motivasi belajar sehingga akhirnya menurunkan sustained attention. Musik klasik diketahui dapat memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap sustained attention melalui berbagai cara, salah satunya dengan meningkatkan suasana hati. Beberapa penelitian telah meneliti pengaruh musik klasik terhadap suasana hati, namun belum terdapat penelitian di Indonesia yang secara spesifik meninjau pengaruh mendengarkan musik klasik terhadap sustained attention. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah adanya pengaruh mendengarkan musik klasik terhadap sustained attention mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi intervensi acak dengan kontrol dan populasi sampel adalah mahasiswa pre-klinik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pelita Harapan. Delapan puluh empat orang sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik randomized allocation. Data diperoleh dari pengerjaan Digit Vigilance Test (DVT) oleh kelompok kontrol dan intervensi dan akan diolah menggunakan uji T-Test berpasangan dan tidak berpasangan, uji Mann-U-Whitney, dan uji Wilcoxon. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa kelompok kontrol dan intervensi sama-sama mengalami penurunan total time dan total error pada pengerjaan DVT dengan penurunan total time kelompok kontrol lebih banyak dibanding kelompok intervensi sedangkan penurunan total error kelompok intervensi lebih banyak dibanding kelompok kontrol. Penelitian menunjukkan musik klasik memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap sustained attention mahasiswa fakultas kedokteran. / Classical music is a complex collection of melodies and harmonies which is often associated with cognitive functions. Sustained attention enables a person to stay focused on a task for a long period of time resulting in maintenance of effort despite changes in environmental conditions. It is common for medical students to experience sleeping disorders such as poor sleep quality or insufficient sleep. This condition may lead to behavioral fatigue which then reduces motivation to learn and eventually lowers sustained attention. Classical music is known to have a positive effect on sustained attention in various ways, one of which is by improving mood. Several studies have examined the effect of classical music on mood, but there has been no research in Indonesia that specifically observe the effect of listening to classical music on sustained attention. This study aims to know whether there is an effect of listening to classical music on the sustained attention of medical students. This study uses a randomized-controlled intervention study design with a sample population of students at the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Pelita Harapan. The 84 samples were selected using randomized allocation technique. Data were obtained from processing the Digit Vigilance Test (DVT) by both control and intervention group. Data will be processed using the independent and paired T-test, Mann-U-Whitney, and Wilcoxon test. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the control group and intervention group both experienced a decrease in total time and total error from the Digit Vigilance Test. There is a greater decrease in the total time of DVT from control group compared to the intervention group, while the decrease in total error in the intervention group was more than the control group. This study shows that there is no significant effect between listening to classical music and sustained attention among medical students.

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