Kajian literatur: faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pencegahan tuberkulosis pada fasilitas kesehatan di Indonesia = literature review: factors that influence the prevention of tuberculosis in the public health in Indonesia.

Gemilang, Galang (2018) Kajian literatur: faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pencegahan tuberkulosis pada fasilitas kesehatan di Indonesia = literature review: factors that influence the prevention of tuberculosis in the public health in Indonesia. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease directly caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The main symptoms are cough for two weeks or more, cough accompanied by additional symptoms of sputum, sputum mixed blood, out of breath, body weakness, decreased appetite, decreased weight, malaise, night sweats without physical activity and fever more than one month. Transmission of nosocomial TB may occur between TB patients with visitor and nurses who are in contact during the treatment period. Universal precautions are used for all patients for transmission of airborne pathogens such as TB. Several factors in the treatment of TB infections such as, administrative measures, environmental control and use of respiratory protective equipment. Public health are at the forefront of the discovery, treatment and evaluation of tuberculosis patients. In reducing TB cases in Indonesia, it is important to know the factors that influence the prevention of tuberculosis in public health. The authors choose to use a simplified approach in this study. This literature review aims to describe the factors that influence the prevention of tuberculosis in the public health in Indonesia. The result of the literature reviewof factors that influence the prevention of tuberculosis are, knowledge, precautions, and sociodemography / Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit menular langsung yang disebabkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Gejala utama adalah batuk selama 2 minggu atau lebih, batuk disertai dengan gejala tambahan yaitu dahak, dahak bercampur darah, sesak nafas, badan lemas, nafsu makan menurun, berat badan menurun, malaise, berkeringat malam hari tanpa kegiatan fisik dan demam lebih dari 1 bulan. Penularan nosokomial TB mungkin dapat terjadi diantara pasien TB dengan pengunjung dan perawat yang berkontak selama masa perawatan. Tindakan kewaspadaan universal digunakan kepada semua pasien untuk mencegah penularan patogen yang menyebar melalui udara seperti TB. Beberapa faktor berpengaruh dalam pengendalian infeksi TB seperti, tindakan administratif, kontrol lingkungan dan penggunaan alat pelindung pernapasan. Fasilitas kesehatan merupakan ujung tombak dalam penemuan, pengobatan dan evaluasi pasien tuberkulosis. Mengurangi kasus TB di Indonesia tentunya penting untuk mengetahui faktor yang memengaruhi kegiatan pencegahan tuberkulosis pada fasilitas kesehatan. Metode simplified approach dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Kajian literatur ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pencegahan tuberkulosis pada fasilitas kesehatan di Indonesia. Hasil kajian literatur ini menunjukkan tentang faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi pencegahan tuberkulosis yaitu, pengetahuan, tindakan pencegahan, dan sosiodemografi.

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