Komunikasi lintas budaya: pengelolaan konflik pada pasangan suami istri suku Batak dan Jawa

Manurung, Ruth Indirayani (2021) Komunikasi lintas budaya: pengelolaan konflik pada pasangan suami istri suku Batak dan Jawa. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Indonesia merupakan bangsa dengan masyarakat yang heterogen, baik dari suku bangsa, agama, maupun bahasa. Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik, tahun 2010, jumlah suku bangsa di Indonesia mencapai lebih dari 1.300, dengan jumlah/ukuran populasi yang sangat beragam. Latar belakang masyarakat yang beragam ini menyebabkan komunikasi lintas budaya tidak dapat dihindarkan. Penelitian ini secara khusus melihat pasangan suami istri suku Batak dan Jawa, karena signifikansi perbedaan esensi budaya dan faktor geografis yang jauh berbeda. Selain itu, suku Jawa sebagai kelompok suku yang terbesar dan suku Batak yang berada pada urutan ketiga, lebih memungkinkan kedua suku ini untuk saling bertemu dan berinteraksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, yang berusaha untuk mengungkapkan fenomena atau realitas sosial dengan melihat dan mempelajari pengalaman yang dialami oleh objek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konflik yang terjadi pada pasangan suami istri suku Batak dan Jawa pada penelitian ini lebih banyak disebabkan oleh perbedaan karakter dan cara berkomunikasi, dimana type of culture dan type of face concern kemudian dapat menunjukkan bagaimana konflik akan dikelola. Dengan tipe budaya kolektivis, yang menghargai wajah bersama (mutual-face), pasangan suami istri suku Batak dan Jawa menyelesaikan konflik dengan cara menghindari konfrontasi saat konflik berlangsung, dan lebih memilih untuk mundur dari konflik./Indonesia is a nation with a heterogeneous society, both in terms of ethnicity, religion, and language. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency, in 2010, ethnic groups in Indonesia reached more than 1,300 ethnic groups, with very diverse numbers or population sizes. This diverse community background causes cross-cultural communication to be unavoidable. This study specifically looks at married couples of Batak and Javanese tribes, because the significance of differences in cultural essence and geographical factors is much different. In addition, the Javanese as the largest ethnic group and the Bataks who are in the third place, are more likely to allow these two tribes to meet and interact with each other. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, which seeks to reveal phenomena or social reality by observing and studying the experiences experienced by the object of research. The results showed that Conflicts that occur in married couples of Batak and Javanese tribes in this study are mostly caused by differences in character and ways of communicating, where the type of culture and type of face concern can then show how the conflict will be managed. With a collectivist type of culture, which values mutual-faces, Batak and Javanese married couples resolve conflicts by avoiding confrontation during the conflict, and preferring to withdraw from the conflict.

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