Tinjauan Yuridis Keabsahan Perjanjian Nominee Berdasarkan KUH Perdata (Studi Kasus Putusan No. 215/Pdt.G/2019/PN Dps) = Juridical review validity of nominee agreement based on Indonesian civil code (case study no. 215/Pdt.G/2019/PN Dps)

Alfinno, Alfinno (2021) Tinjauan Yuridis Keabsahan Perjanjian Nominee Berdasarkan KUH Perdata (Studi Kasus Putusan No. 215/Pdt.G/2019/PN Dps) = Juridical review validity of nominee agreement based on Indonesian civil code (case study no. 215/Pdt.G/2019/PN Dps). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Tanah merupakan salah satu faktor yang mendukung pembangunan ekonomi. Kondisi tanah di Indonesia saat ini telah menjadi kawasan investasi baik bagi warga negara Indonesia maupun warga negara asing. Namun, Hukum Agraria di Indonesia menganut asas nasionalitas yang menyatakan bahwa hanya warga negara Indonesia yang memiliki hak milik atas tanah. Meskipun ada pembatasan kepemilikan hak atas tanah bagi orang asing, orang asing tetap dapat menggunakan dan/atau memungut hasil dari tanah yang dikuasai oleh negara atau milik orang lain (Hak Pakai). Selain Hak Pakai, orang asing juga dapat memiliki Hak Sewa berdasarkan Pasal 45 UU Agraria. Meskipun dengan peraturan ini ada larangan bagi orang asing untuk dapat memiliki hak atas tanah di Indonesia, beberapa orang asing yang tidak puas dengan peraturan tersebut mencari celah dengan membuat perjanjian nominee. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis pengaturan perjanjian nominee ditinjau dari hukum perdata serta mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis proses penyelesaian sengketa perkara no. 215/Pdt.G/2019/PN Dps yang memuat keabsahan perjanjian nominee. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan metode perolehan data berupa studi kepustakaan dan menggunakan data sekunder. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kualitatif. Pendekatan masalah yang digunakan adalah pendekatan undang-undang, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah perjanjian nominee tidak memenuhi syarat sahnya suatu perjanjian sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Perjanjian nominee tidak memenuhi syarat subjektif dan objektif perjanjian, yaitu kecakapan para pihak dan sebab yang halal. / Land is one of the factors that support economic development. The current condition of land in Indonesia has become an investment area for both Indonesian citizens and foreign citizens. However, the Agrarian Law in Indonesia adheres to the principle of nationality which states that only Indonesian citizens have property rights to land. Even though there are restrictions on the ownership of land rights for foreigners, foreigners still could use and/or collect proceeds from land controlled by the state or owned by others (Hak Pakai). In addition to Hak Pakai, foreigners can also hold Hak Sewa based on Article 45 of the Agrarian Law. Although with this regulation there are restrictions for foreigners to be able to own land rights in Indonesia, some foreigners who are dissatisfied with the regulation are looking for loopholes by entering into a nominee agreement. This study aims to identify and analyze the arrangement of the nominee agreement in terms of the civil code point of view as well as to identify and analyze the dispute resolution process of case no. 215/Pdt.G/2019/PN Dps containing the validity of the nominee agreement. This research is normative legal research with data acquisition method in the form of literature study and using secondary data. The data analysis technique used is qualitative analysis. The problem approach used is a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach. The result of this research is that the nominee agreement does not meet the legal requirements of an agreement as stated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. The nominee agreement does not meet the subjective and objective requirements of the agreement, namely the skills of the parties and the lawful cause.

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