Kontribusi Amnesty International dalam wacana penghapusan kebijakan hukuman mati: studi kasus di Malaysia (2017-2022)

Sunaryo, Miszel Angelica (2022) Kontribusi Amnesty International dalam wacana penghapusan kebijakan hukuman mati: studi kasus di Malaysia (2017-2022). Bachelor thesis, Universities Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Hukuman mati di Malaysia telah terjadi sejak era kolonialisme dan hingga kini eksekusi mati telah mencapai 579 kasus sejak kemerdekaan Malaysia. Kebijakan hukuman mati yang belum dihapuskan hingga saat ini dapat berdampak buruk bagi kelangsungan HAM. Aktor Negara yaitu Pemerintah Malaysia belum dapat menuntaskan tugasnya untuk melakukan penghapusan terhadap hukuman mati. Maka, kontribusi aktor non-negara seperti Amnesty International dalam penghapusan kebijakan hukuman mati dapat menjadi salah satu upaya untuk mempercepat penghapusan tersebut. Penelit ian ini bertujuan unt uk (1)mendeskripsikan bagaimana kontribusi Amnesty International dalam wacana penghapusan hukuman mati di Malaysia, (2)mengidentifikasi strategi Amnesty International dalam wacana penghapusan kebijakan hukuman mati dari tahun 2017-2022 dan (3)Kontribusi Amnesty International dalam meningkatkan kekhawatiran masyarakat akan hukuman mati yang diberikan kepada pelaku kejahatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dimana penulis dapat memperoleh informasi dan mencantumkan informasi tersebut secara terperinci hingga kesimpulan. Data yang dikumpulkan merupakan data sekunder yang didapat dari sumber jurnal, buku, website serta laporan yang relevan.Kemudian, penelitian ini dibangun menggunakan landasan teori neoliberalisme dan didukung oleh konsep HAM, Organisasi Internasional dan Aktor Non-Negara. Hasil penelitian yang dicapai adalah Amnesty International memiliki kontribusi dalam membangun dan merealisasikan wacana penghapusan hukuman mati, selain itu mendorong penerbitan RUU penghapusan hukuman mati. Kontribusi lain adalah berhasil membuat pemerintah Malaysia menggagalkan eksekusi mati terhadap beberapa terpidana, meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dan berhasil memperoleh dukungan dari masyarakat agar pemerintah terdorong menghapuskan kebijakan hukuman mati dengan dasar penghormatan terhadap HAM./ Death penalties in Malaysia has occurred since the colonial era and has reached 579 executions since The Independence of Malaysia. Death penalties sentence that haven’t been abolished could cause a negative impact to human rights. The state actor, Malaysian government, has not been able to abolish the death penalty. Thus, the contribution of non-state actors such as Amnesty International in the abolition of the death penalty sentence could be one of the efforts to abolish the death penalties. This study aims to (1) describe the contribution of Amnesty International to the discourse of abolition in Malaysia’s death penalty policy, (2) identify the strategy of Amnesty International to the discourse of death penalty in 2017 and (3) identify the contribution of Amnesty International increasing public awareness about the death penalty given to criminals. The research method utilize a case study where the author can obtain information and use the data to conclude the findings, specifically in the form of secondary data retrieved from relevant journals, books, websites and reports. This research was built using the theoretical foundation of neoliberalism and is supported by the concepts of Human Rights, International Organization and Non-Government Organization. The results of the research are Amnesty International has contributed to develop and realize the discourse on abolition of death penalty in addition to encouraging the Government to abolish the death penalty, thwarting the execution of several convicts, increasing public awareness and gaining support from the community in order to encourage the government to abolish death penalty policies on the basis of human rights.

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