Analyzing the Rising Asian Hate Crime during Donald Trump's Presidency = Analisis Meningkatnya Kejahatan Kebencian Asia selama Presidensi Donald Trump

Lovely, Callesya (2023) Analyzing the Rising Asian Hate Crime during Donald Trump's Presidency = Analisis Meningkatnya Kejahatan Kebencian Asia selama Presidensi Donald Trump. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

A leader’s ideas of other countries determine his/ her administration’s foreign policy toward the said country, which have profound consequences at international and societal levels. Donald Trump is notable as a scathing critic of China as he perceives that China threatens the US economy and politics. Interestingly, the COVID-19 pandemic witnessed a dramatic surge in Asian hate crimes by 149% in 16 US largest cities. Thus, this research seeks to understand the process of how a leader’s ideas of other countries shape the intersubjective understanding of the people at the societal level and influence the people’s actions. Constructivism theory is used in this research with the concepts of Agents, Identity and Action, Intersubjective Understanding, Logic of Appropriateness, and Racial Discrimination. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive research method. This research reveals that as a businessman and a Republican, Trump perceives China as a foreign adversary and therefore, Trump launches a series of anti-China campaigns to counter China in trade, military, and COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic further deteriorates US-China relations as both countries blame each other for spreading the virus. To win the blame game, Trump racializes the virus by calling it the virus “Chinese virus,” which serves as the fire that fuels the Asian hate crime because Americans now believe that Asians are carrying the virus. This research concludes that Trump’s identity influences his interests and actions toward China, as manifested in his speeches, tweets, and policies, which bear an unintended consequence for the AAPI community at the societal level. / Ide seorang pemimpin terhadap negara lain menentukan kebijakan luar negeri pemerintahannya terhadap negara tersebut, yang memiliki konsekuensi besar di tingkat internasional dan masyarakat. Donald Trump terkenal sebagai kritikus pedas Tiongkok karena ia menganggap bahwa Tiongkok mengancam ekonomi and politik Amerika. Menariknya, pandemi COVID-19 menyaksikan lonjakan dramatis dalam kejahatan kebencian Asia sebesar 149% di 16 kota terbesar di AS. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami proses bagaimana persepsi seorang pemimpin terhadap negara lain membentuk pemahaman intersubjektif masyarakat di tingkat masyarakat dan memengaruhi tindakan masyarakat. Teori Konstruktivisme digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan konsep Agen, Identitas dan Tindakan, Pemahaman Intersubjektif, Logika Kesesuaian, dan Diskriminasi Rasial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa sebagai seorang pebisnis and Republikan, Trump menganggap Tiongkok sebagai musuh asing dan oleh karena itu, Trump meluncurkan serangkaian kampanye anti Tiongkok untuk melawan Tiongkok dalam perdagangan, militer, dan COVID-19. Pandemi COVID-19 semakin memperburuk hubungan AS-Tiongkok karena kedua negara saling menyalahkan satu sama lain sebagai penyebab penyebaran virus. Untuk memenangkan permainan menyalahkan ini, Trump membuat komentar rasis dengan menyebut virus corona "virus Cina", yang menjadi api yang membuat kejahat kebencian Asia semakin membara karena masyarakat Amerika percaya bahwa orang Asia membawa virus. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa identitas Trump memengaruhi kepentingan dan tindakannya terhadap Tiongkok, sebagaimana diwujudkan dalam pidato, tweet, dan kebijakannya, yang menimbulkan konsekuensi yang tidak diinginkan bagi komunitas Asia Amerika dan Kepulauan Pasifik (AAPI) di tingkat masyarakat.

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