Uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan mouthwash ekstrak batang kecombrang (Etlingera elatior(Jack)R.M.Sm) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Lactobacillus acidophilus

Anastasia, Anastasia (2023) Uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan mouthwash ekstrak batang kecombrang (Etlingera elatior(Jack)R.M.Sm) terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan Lactobacillus acidophilus. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm) adalah tanaman berasal dari famili Zingiberaceae yang sudah dikenal sejak lama oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai tanaman hias, sayur dan obat tradisional. Pada batang tersebut memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang sangat khas diantaranya golongan fenol, flavonoid. Golongan flavonoid pada bagian batang kecombrang diidentifikasi berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri. Sediaan mouthwash adalah sediaan yang mudah digunakan didaerah rongga mulut untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Pada penelitian ini, ekstrak batang kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm) akan dijadikan sediaan mouthwash yang diformulasikan dan diuji stabilitas, karakteristik serta aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi bertingkat dengan mengekstrak batang kecombrang menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, etanol 96%. Ekstrak yang memenuhi standar akan dilakukan pengujian antibakteri dan diformulasikan. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak batang kecombrang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok variasi konsentrasi yaitu ekstrak n-heksan, etil asetat, etanol 5, 10, 20, 40, 80% dan vankomisin sebagai kontrol positif. Pada pengujian antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi cakram diperoleh Kadar Hambat Minimum (KHM) pada konsentrasi 20%. Ekstrak etanol dengan konsentrasi 20% memenuhi standar uji stabilitas dan uji viskositas dengan nilai KHM 9,4 mm pada bakteri Streptococcus mutans dan 7,3 mm pada bakteri Lactobacillus acidophilus / Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm) is a plant from the family Zingiberaceae which has been known by the people of Indonesia for a long time as an ornamental plant, vegetable and traditional medicine. The stem contains very distinctive secondary metabolites including phenols and flavonoids. The flavonoid group in the kecombrang stem was identified as having antibacterial properties. Mouthwash is a solution that is easy to use in the area of the oral cavity to inhibit the growth of bacteria. In this study, kecombrang stem extract (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm) will be formulated and tested for stability, characteristics and antibacterial activity. The research was conducted using the maceration method by extracting the kecombrang stems using a solvent n-hexane, ethyl acetate, 96% ethanol. Extracts that meet the standards will be tested for antibacterial and formulated. Testing the antibacterial activity of the kecombrang stem extract was divided into 5 concentration variation groups n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%, 80% and vancomycin as a positive control. In the antibacterial test using the disc diffusion method, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was obtained at a concentration of 20%. Ethanol extract with a concentration of 20% meets the standards of stability and viscosity tests with a MIC value of 9.4 mm in bacteria Streptococcus mutans and 7.3 mm in bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus.

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