Analisis yuridis terkait regulasi dan pertanggungjawaban terhadap studi kasus Kanjuruhan

Andaresta, Muhammad Farel (2024) Analisis yuridis terkait regulasi dan pertanggungjawaban terhadap studi kasus Kanjuruhan. Masters thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Football is one of the most popular sports in Indonesia. After gaining independence, the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) resumed its activities and endeavored to professionalize football. However, Indonesian football professionalism still faces numerous challenges, including political conflicts and poor competition quality. Government interventions, such as those by the Ministry of Youth and Sports (Kemenpora), led to FIFA sanctions in 2015 for perceived violations of PSSI's independence. The Kanjuruhan tragedy on October 1, 2022, highlighted further deficiencies in professionalism and security management within Indonesian football. Consequences of the tragedy included the cancellation of Indonesia's hosting of the FIFA U-20 World Cup and FIFA's threat to suspend the Indonesian league. This research aims to analyze the implementation of legal regulations by the organizers (PT Liga Indonesia Baru) concerning the Kanjuruhan case, reviewed under FIFA-established regulations, and to assess the accountability of the match organizers in the Kanjuruhan tragedy. The research methodology employed is normative research. Findings from the study of the Kanjuruhan Stadium tragedy indicate that PSSI and PT Liga Indonesia Baru did not fully comply with FIFA regulations, particularly in planning, security, and safety. Major violations included the prohibited use of tear gas, lack of coordination with security forces, and ticket sales exceeding stadium capacity. Recommendations to prevent similar incidents include enhancing security training to FIFA standards, enforcing regulations rigorously, improving coordination among relevant parties, and conducting comprehensive risk assessments before matches. / Sepak bola merupakan salah satu olahraga paling populer di Indonesia. Setelah kemerdekaan, PSSI kembali aktif dan berupaya mengorganisasi sepak bola secara profesional. Namun, profesionalisme sepak bola Indonesia masih menghadapi banyak masalah, termasuk konflik politik dan kualitas kompetisi yang buruk. Intervensi pemerintah, seperti yang dilakukan oleh Kemenpora, menyebabkan sanksi dari FIFA pada 2015 karena dianggap melanggar independensi PSSI. Tragedi Kanjuruhan pada 1 Oktober 2022 menjadi bukti lain dari kurangnya profesionalisme dan manajemen keamanan dalam sepak bola Indonesia. Dampak dari tragedi tersebut termasuk pembatalan penyelenggaraan Piala Dunia U-20 di Indonesia dan ancaman pembekuan Liga Indonesia oleh FIFA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa implementasi aturan hukum yang telah dilakukan pihak penyelenggara (PT LIB) terhadap kasus kanjuruhan ditinjau dari regulasi yang telah ditetapkan oleh FIFA dan untuk menganalisa pertanggungjawaban pihak penyelenggara pertandingan dalam tragedi kanjuruhan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian normatif. Hasil penelitian terhadap tragedi di Stadion Kanjuruhan menunjukkan PSSI dan PT Liga Indonesia Baru (PT LIB) tidak sepenuhnya mematuhi regulasi FIFA, terutama dalam perencanaan, keamanan, dan keselamatan. Pelanggaran utama termasuk penggunaan gas air mata yang dilarang, kurangnya koordinasi dengan aparat keamanan, dan penjualan tiket melebihi kapasitas stadion. Rekomendasi untuk mencegah kejadian serupa meliputi peningkatan pelatihan keamanan sesuai standar FIFA, penegakan regulasi, peningkatan koordinasi antarpihak terkait, dan evaluasi risiko komprehensif sebelum pertandingan.

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