Timothy, Timothy (2025) Dampak kebijakan divestasi industri pertambangan tahun 2020: studi kasus PT Vale Indonesia Tbk dan PT Nusa Halmahera Mineral = Impact of the 2020 mining industry divestment policy: a case study of PT Vale Indonesia Tbk and PT Nusa Halmahera Mineral. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
Setelah runtuhnya era Orde Baru di Republik Indonesia (RI), terbentuknya rezim Reformasi, membawa angin segar untuk merestrukturisasi kebijakan porsi kepemilikan Multinational Corporations (MNCs) industri pertambangan dan izin operasi pertambangan dengan dirumuskannya kebijakan divestasi dalam UU No. 3 Tahun 2020. Lantas, penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi antara MNCs dengan pemerintah dan masyarakat lokal akibat implementasi kebijakan divestasi di RI dan melihat dampak ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan dari proses interaksinya. Kerangka berpikir penelitian ini menggunakan teori Ekonomi Politik Internasional (EPI) dengan perspektif Merkantilis, yang memuat konsep Economic Nationalism, Economic Differences, Mercantilism Industrial and Infrastructure Policies, Ekonomi Triangular dan Pemangku Kepentingan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Metode penelitian direalisaikan dengan studi kasus dua perusahaan, yakni PT Vale Indonesia Tbk (PTVI) dan PT Nusa Halmahera Mineral (NHM). Data yang digunakan diperoleh melalui penelusuran daring serta wawancara terkait topik penelitian. Kemudian, data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan teknik analytic comparison, dimana setiap data yang diperoleh akan diperbandingkan sebelum dan sesudah kebijakan divestasi diimplementasikan. Hasil dari penelitian dari menganalisis proses interaksi MNCs dengan pemerintah dan masyarakat lokal, berujung pada fakta bahwa pemerintah memiliki kontrol lebih untuk menguasai SDA dalam negeri dan memperkuat institusi BUMN. Pada sisi yang lain, dampak dari interaksi para aktor dari kebijakan divestasi hanya menguntungkan pihak pemerintah, meski pertumbuhan ekonomi lokal dan IPM meningkat, tetapi angka kemiskinan tetap melaju progresif dan temuan dari narasumber berkata sebaliknya. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menggarisbawahi keuntungan negara dan pemangku kepentingannya dari kebijakan ini. / After the collapse of the New Order era in the Republic of Indonesia (RI), the establishment of the Reformasi regime ushered in a fresh wave of reforms, including the restructuring of policies on the ownership shares of Multinational Corporations (MNCs) in the mining industry and the issuance of mining operation permits. This effort was formalized through the enactment of divestment policies under Law No. 3 of 2020. The study aims to analyze the interactions between MNCs, the government, and local communities because of the implementation of the divestment policy in Indonesia, while also examining the economic, social, and environmental impacts of these interactions. The research framework is grounded in the theory of International Political Economy (IPE) with a Mercantilist perspective, incorporating concepts such as Economic Nationalism, Economic Differences, Mercantilist Industrial and Infrastructure Policies, Triangular Economics, and Stakeholder Analysis. The study adopts a qualitative approach using the case study method. This method is applied to two companies, namely PT Vale Indonesia Tbk (PTVI) and PT Nusa Halmahera Mineral (NHM). The data was collected through online research and interviews related to the research topic. The collected data was then analyzed using an analytic comparison technique, where data before and after the implementation of the divestment policy was compared. The findings of the study reveal that the interactions between MNCs, the government, and local communities resulted in the government gaining greater control over domestic natural resources and strengthening SOEs. However, while the divestment policy HDI. the poverty rate continued to rise. Contradictory findings from respondents further highlighted this disparity. The study concludes that the primary beneficiaries of the divestment policy are the state and its stakeholders.
Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor) |
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Creators: | Creators NIM Email ORCID Timothy, Timothy NIM01043210078 timothyjjyy@gmail.com UNSPECIFIED |
Contributors: | Contribution Contributors NIDN/NIDK Email Thesis advisor Jemadu, Aleksius NIDN0412106101 aleksius.jemadu@uph.edu |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | kebijakan divestasi; multinational corporations (MNCs); industri pertambangan; Republik Indonesia; divestment policy; multinational corporations (MNCs); mining industry; Republic of Indonesia. |
Subjects: | J Political Science > JZ International relations |
Divisions: | University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations |
Depositing User: | Timothy Timothy |
Date Deposited: | 14 Jan 2025 11:34 |
Last Modified: | 14 Jan 2025 11:34 |
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/66350 |