Implementasi hukum humaniter internasional dalam perlindungan jurnalis dan media: studi kasus Perang Israel-Hamas dan Perang Rusia-Ukraina = Implementation of international humanitarian law in protecting journalists and media: case study of Israel-Hamas war and Russia-Ukraine war

Yandri, Aisha Nafitra Putri (2025) Implementasi hukum humaniter internasional dalam perlindungan jurnalis dan media: studi kasus Perang Israel-Hamas dan Perang Rusia-Ukraina = Implementation of international humanitarian law in protecting journalists and media: case study of Israel-Hamas war and Russia-Ukraine war. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Jurnalis dan media memainkan peran krusial namun beresiko tinggi ketika bertugas di zona konflik, dan Hukum Humaniter Internasional (HHI), hadir melalui ketentuan Konvensi Jenewa dan Protokol Tambahan menjamin perlindungan bagi jurnalis dan media di zona perang. Namun, masih sering ditemukan kelalaian dalam penerapannya. Maka, penelitian ini mengkaji penerapan HHI dalam melindungi jurnalis dan media di zona konflik, dengan fokus pada perang Israel-Hamas dan Rusia-Ukraina. Kajian mengeksplorasi bagaimana ketentuan HHI diterapkan, tantangan yang dihadapi dalam penegakannya, dan respons internasional dalam mengatasi hambatan ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Liberalisme, dilengkapi dengan Hak Asasi Manusia, Hukum Internasional, dan Komunitas Internasional sebagai konsep terkait. Bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder, metode studi kasus komparatif, dan teknis analisis data komparatif untuk menganalisis kedua studi kasus tersebut. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dalam kedua konflik tersebut, penerapan perlindungan HHI masih lemah, dengan jurnalis menghadapi ancaman fisik, pembatasan akses, dan kurangnya adaptasi hukum terhadap perkembangan perang modern. Tantangan yang diidentifikasi meliputi alasan keamanan nasional untuk mencurigai kegiatan jurnalis, perkembangan sifat peperangan yang mempersulit identifikasi dan perlindungan jurnalis, serta kerangka hukum internasional yang terbatas dan kurang mencakup modernisasi perang. Rekomendasi menekankan pentingnya pengembangan dan penguatan kerangka hukum internasional, peningkatan kolaborasi global, dan penguatan mekanisme internasional dalam menangani kasus-kasus pelanggaran secara lebih efektif. / Journalists and the media play a crucial yet highly risky role when operating in conflict zones. International Humanitarian Law (IHL), through the provisions of the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols, guarantees protection for journalists and the media in wartime. However, there are frequent instances of negligence in its implementation. This study examines the application of IHL in safeguarding journalists and media in conflict zones, focusing on the Israel-Hamas and Russia-Ukraine wars. The analysis explores how IHL provisions are applied, the challenges faced in enforcement, and the international response to overcoming these barriers. The research utilizes Liberalism theory, supplemented by concepts of Human Rights, International Law, and the International Community. A qualitative approach is employed, using secondary data, comparative case study methodology, and comparative data analysis techniques to examine both cases. The findings reveal that in both conflicts, the protection of journalists under IHL is weak, with journalists facing physical threats, restricted access, and a lack of legal adaptation to the realities of modern warfare. Identified challenges include national security concerns that view journalistic activities with suspicion, the evolving nature of warfare that complicates the identification and protection of journalists, and the limited scope of international legal frameworks to address modern warfare. Recommendations emphasize strengthening international legal frameworks, enhancing global collaboration, and improving international mechanisms for addressing violations more effectively.
Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
Creators
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Email
ORCID
Yandri, Aisha Nafitra Putri
NIM01043210077
aishanafitra3@gmail.com
UNSPECIFIED
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Contribution
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Email
Thesis advisor
Nasution, Elyzabeth Bonethe
NIDN0323048904
elyzabeth.nasution@uph.edu
Uncontrolled Keywords: hukum humaniter internasional; hak asasi Manusia; jurnalis; media; perang Israel-Hamas; perang Rusia-Ukraina; international humanitarian law; human rights; journalist; media; Israel-Hamas war; Russia-Ukraine war.
Subjects: J Political Science > JZ International relations
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Social and Political Science > International Relations
Depositing User: AISHA NAFITRA PUTRI YANDRI
Date Deposited: 31 Jan 2025 06:52
Last Modified: 31 Jan 2025 06:52
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/66952

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