Deseka, Christino (2025) Penegasan acquit et de charge sebagai upaya penyeimbangan kedudukan dan tanggung jawab direksi dan dewan komisaris dengan pemegang saham perseroan terbatas. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
Pembangunan perekonomian nasional di Indonesia, sesuai dengan ketentuan pasal 33 ayat (4) Undang-undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 (“UUD 1945”) amandemen ke IV, harus diselenggarakan berdasar atas demokrasi ekonomi dengan prinsip kebersamaan, efisiensi berkeadilan, berkelanjutan, berwawasan lingkungan, kemandirian, serta dengan menjaga keseimbangan kemajuan dan kesatuan ekonomi nasional. Sebagai bentuk pengaturan hukum dalam bidang ekonomi, pengaturan atas perseroan terbatas, harus pula berlandaskan prinsip dan asas tersebut di atas. Pokok permasalahan yang terjadi di sini ialah ketimpangan beban pertanggungjawaban yang diemban oleh direksi dan/atau dewan komisaris perseroan dibandingkan dengan pemegang saham, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan tidak adanya pengakuan hukum yang jelas atas pemberian pelunasan dan pembebasan (acquit et de charge) sebagai penegasan atas berlakunya prinsip business judgement rule bagi direksi dan/atau dewan komisaris perseroan dalam UUPT. Jenis penelitian yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif (Normatif Legal Research). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, pengaturan dalam UUPT atas pemberian acquit et de charge bagi direksi dan/atau dewan komisaris tidak pernah diatur dengan tegas, di sisi lain mengenai hal yang sama diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan lainnya, sehingga hal ini menyebabkan kekaburan dan ketidakharmonisan pengaturan. Berbeda dengan Indonesia, pada konstruksi hukum negara-negara lain (negara Belanda, negara Inggris, negara bagian Delaware) seluruhnya telah mengembangkan pengaturan mengenai pemberian acquit et de charge bagi pengurus dalam korporasinya. Kedua, sekalipun tidak terdapat pengaturan yang jelas dalam UUPT, akan tetapi pelaksanaan pemberian acquit et de charge telah menjadi praktik umum yang dilakukan dalam RUPS. Tinjauan dari putusan-putusan pengadilan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada kepastian hukum di Indonesia atas pemberian atau didapatkannya acquit et de charge bagi direksi dan/atau dewan komisaris perseroan. Analisa lebih lanjut menunjukkan pula bahwa pentingnya pengakuan hukum atas acquit et de charge untuk mencapai tujuan hukum Gustav Radbruch, yaitu nilai keadilan, kemanfaatan, dan kepastian hukum. Ketiga, solusi dari permasalahan-permasalahan hukum yang terjadi ialah dengan dilakukan revisi dan penyempurnaan atas ketentuan-ketentuan dalam UUPT. / The development of the national economy in Indonesia, in accordance with Article 33, paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (amendment IV), must be organized based on economic democracy with principles of togetherness, equitable efficiency, sustainability, environmental awareness, independence, and maintaining a balance of progress and national economic unity. As a form of legal regulation in the economic field, the regulation of limited liability companies must also be grounded in these principles and foundations.The main issue here is the imbalance of responsibilities borne by the board of directors and/or the board of commissioners compared to the shareholders, particularly regarding the lack of clear legal recognition for the granting of acquit et de charge as an affirmation of the applicability of the business judgment rule for the directors and/or commissioners in the Company Law (UUPT). The type of research undertaken in this study is normative legal research. The findings of this study indicate that, first, the regulations in the UUPT regarding the granting of acquit et de charge to the directors and/or commissioners have never been explicitly defined; on the other hand, similar matters are regulated in other laws, leading to ambiguity and disharmony in regulation. Unlike Indonesia, the legal frameworks in other countries (such as the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Delaware) have developed regulations concerning the granting of acquit et de charge for their corporate managers. Second, although there is no clear regulation in the UUPT, the practice of granting acquit et de charge has become a common practice during general meetings of shareholders (RUPS). Examination of court decisions shows that there is no legal certainty in Indonesia regarding the granting or receipt of acquit et de charge for the directors and/or commissioners of company. Further analysis also highlights the importance of legal recognition of acquit et de charge to achieve Gustav Radbruch's legal objectives: values of justice, utility, and legal certainty. Third, the solution to the legal issues that arise is to revise and improve the provisions within the UUPT.
Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
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Creators: | Creators NIM Email ORCID Deseka, Christino NIM01657210002 christinodeseka@gmail.com UNSPECIFIED |
Contributors: | Contribution Contributors NIDN/NIDK Email Thesis advisor Pramono, Nindyo NIDN0018075404 nindyopramono@gmail.com Thesis advisor Silalahi, Udin NIDN0320095801 udin.silalahi@uph.edu |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | ratifikasi tanggung jawab pengurus ; pengesahan laporan tahunan ; acquit et de charge |
Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
Divisions: | University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Law > Doctor of Law |
Depositing User: | Christino Deseka |
Date Deposited: | 28 Mar 2025 02:39 |
Last Modified: | 28 Mar 2025 02:39 |
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/67982 |