Pengaruh penambahan asam sitrat dan minyak asiri eucalyptus globulus terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia air rebusan kayu secang (caesalpinia sappan L.) = Effect of citric acid and eucalyptus globulus essential oil on the phycicochemical properties of caesalpinia sappan L. decoction

Clarissa, Vania (2021) Pengaruh penambahan asam sitrat dan minyak asiri eucalyptus globulus terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia air rebusan kayu secang (caesalpinia sappan L.) = Effect of citric acid and eucalyptus globulus essential oil on the phycicochemical properties of caesalpinia sappan L. decoction. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Air rebusan kayu secang merupakan minuman tradisional Indonesia. Air rebusan kayu secang memiliki kandungan antioksidan yang tinggi. Antioksidan merupakan satu komponen dalam bahan pangan yang mampu menstabilkan radikal bebas. Penambahan asam seperti asam sitrat dan minyak asiri pada suatu produk minuman sudah umum dilakukan untuk menambah sifat fisiko kimia maupun rasa produk. Asam sitrat dan minyak asiri Eucalyptus globulus memiliki kemampuan untuk mengingkatkan aktivitas antioksidan karena komponen yang terkandung di dalamnya. Sehingga ingin diketahui pengaruh penambahan asam sitrat dan minyak asiri Eucalyptus globulus terhadap karakteristik fisiko kimia air rebusan secang. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah pengukuran pH, uji aktivitas antioksidan, total fenolik, total flavonoid, total antosianin, warna dengan kromameter, dan panjang gelombang maksimum. Sebelum penambahan asam sitrat dan minyak asiri Eucalypptus globulus dilakukan, kayu secang direbus dengan suhu 70ᵒC, 80ᵒC, dan 90ᵒC untuk menentukan suhu perebusan terbaik. Hasil uji akan digunakan untuk menentukan perlakuan yang memberikan efek terbaik pada air rebusan kayu secang. Suhu perebusan terbaik adalah suhu 90ᵒC dengan nilai IC50 259,91±1,30 ppm. nilai total fenolik 0,51±0,51 mg GAE/ml, nilai total flavonoid 0,51±0,51 mg GAE/ml, nilai total antosianin 35,35±3,19 ppm, nilai pH 6,84, nilai Lightness 38,49±0,41, dan Hue 22,61±1,96ᵒ yang menunjukkan warna merah. Setelah ditambahkan dengan asam sitrat dan minyak asiri Eucalyptus globulus, perlakuan terbaik adalah konsentrasi penambahan asam sitrat 0,15 mg/ml dan minyak asiri Eucalyptus globulus 0,10%. nilai pH air rebusan kayu secang 3,39±0,45, nilai aktivitas antioksidan 2549,47±1,14 ppm, nilai total fenolik 0,34±0,52 mg GAE/ml, nilai total flavonoid 0,11±0,5 mg GAE/ ml, dan nilai total antosianin 51,93±1,44 ppm. Sampel air rebusan secang berwarna merah dengan nilai Hue 14,02±2,38 dan memiliki nilai lightness 46,90 ±0,33. Hasil pengukuran panjang gelombang maksimum berubah menunjukkan adanya perubahan komponen. / Caesalpinia sappan L. decoction is one of Indonesian traditional drinks. Caesalpinia sappan L. Decoction contain high of antioxidant. Antioxidant is one of components in comestibles that have free radical scavanging. Replenishment of citric acid and Eucalyptus globulus essential oil on many beverages is commonly done because of it’s ability to improve antioxidant activity and physicochemical properties of the products. This study aimed to know the effect of citric acid and Eucalyptus globulus essential oil on the physicochemical properties of Caesalpinia sappan L. decoction. Caesalpinia sappan L. decoction made in three various temperature 70ᵒC, 80ᵒC and 90ᵒC to determine the best temperature for decoction making. Sample that made with the best temperature will be replenished by citric acid and Eucalyptus globulus essential oil with various concentration. Samples will be examine by pH measurment, radical scavanging activity, total phenolic values, total flavonoid values, total anthocyanins values, color by chromameter and maximum wavelength scan. The best temperature for decoction making is 90ᵒC with the IC50 value is 259,91±1,30 ppm, total phenolic values 0,51 ±0,51 mg GAE/ml, nilai total flavonoid 0,51±0,51 mg GAE/ml, total anthocyanin values 35,35±3,19 ppm, pH values 6,84, Hue values 22,61±1,96ᵒ which shows the color of the sample is red, and Lightness values 38,49±0,41. The best result of citric acid and Eucalyptus globulus essential oil replenishment is shows by sample that have been added 0,15 mg/ml citric acid and 0,10% Eucalyptus globulus essential oil. The best sample has pH values 3,39±0,45, IC50 values 2549,47±1,14 ppm, total phenolic values 0,34±0,52 mg GAE/ml, total flavonoid values 0,11±0,5 mg GAE/ml, and total anthocyanin values 51,93±1,44 ppm. Lightness values 46,90±0,33and Hue values shows that the color of sample is red 14,02±2,38. There are changes in the results of maximum wavelength scan. The changes of maximum wavelengths means there are compunds changes in the samples.

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