Rasio Maltodekstrin dengan Karagenan Sebagai Penyalut terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Mikroenkapsulasi Ekstrak Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.)

Oetomo, Marchelo Setyawan (2023) Rasio Maltodekstrin dengan Karagenan Sebagai Penyalut terhadap Karakteristik Fisikokimia Mikroenkapsulasi Ekstrak Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Bunga telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) merupakan bunga yang memiliki warna kelopak yang khas, yaitu ungu, biru, dan putih. Antosianin dapat memberikan warna merah-biru dan juga memiliki sifat antioksidatif, tetapi ekstrak antosianin yang diambil dari bunga telang memiliki beberapa kelemahan, yaitu tidak stabil yang dipengaruhi oleh pH, suhu, dan penyimpanan. Oleh karena itu ekstrak antosianin yang didapat dari bunga telang harus dienkapsulasi untuk meningkatkan kestabilan selama penyimpanan dan dapat digunakan dalam bentuk bubuk pewarna alami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui rasio terbaik bahan penyalut mikroenkapsulasi ekstrak bunga telang dan mengetahui kondisi penyimpanan pH dan suhu terbaik untuk mikrokapsul. Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi tiga tahap. Pada penelitian pendahuluan, bunga telang kering diekstraksi dengan perbandingan pelarut etanol dan aquades 1:1. Selanjutnya pada penelitian tahap pertama, ekstrak bunga telang di mikroenkapsulasi dengan rasio bahan penyalut (maltodekstrin: kappa-karagenan 1:2, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, dan 2:1) dengan perlakuan spray drying. Pada penelitian tahap kedua, rasio mikrokapsul terbaik diberi perlakuan pH (2, 4, 6, dan 8) dan suhu (25oC, 40oC, 55oC, 70oC, dan 85oC). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa mikrokapsul terbaik diperoleh dengan rasio bahan penyalut maltodekstrin:karagenan sebesar 1:2 dengan kadar antosianin 1,28±0,01 mg/g, intensitas warna 1,193±0,00, kadar air 5,09%±0,32, rendemen 25,93%±0,96, kelarutan dalam air 50,59%±3,59, antioksidan 0,62±0,00 mg/g, dan pH 8,3. Perlakuan suhu pemanasan dapat mempertahankan kadar antosianin, intensitas warna dan antioksidan adalah pada suhu 55℃ dan 70℃. Untuk perlakuan pH dapat mempertahankan kadar antosianin, intensitas warna dan antioksidan pada pH 6 dan 8./The butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) is a flower that has a distinctive petal color, namely purple, blue, and white. Anthocyanins can give a red-blue color and have antioxidative properties, but anthocyanin extracts taken from butterfly pea flowers have several weaknesses, namely they are unstable which are affected by pH, temperature, and storage. Therefore, the anthocyanin extract obtained from butterfly pea flowers must be encapsulated to increase stability during storage and can be used in the form of natural dye powder. The purpose of this study was to determine the best ratio of coating material for microencapsulation of butterfly pea extract and to determine the best pH and temperature storage conditions for microcapsules. This research is divided into three stages. In the preliminary study, dried butterfly pea flowers were extracted with a 1:1 ratio of ethanol and distilled water. Furthermore, in the first phase of the study, the butterfly pea flower extract was micro-encapsulated with coating ingredient ratios (maltodextrin: kappa-carrageenan 1:2, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, and 2:1) by spray drying. In the second phase of the study, the best microcapsule ratios were treated with pH (2, 4, 6, and 8) and temperature (25oC, 40oC, 55oC, 70oC, and 85oC). Based on the research results obtained, it can be concluded that the best microcapsules were obtained with a ratio of 1:2 maltodextrin:carrageenan coating material with anthocyanin content of 1,28 ± 0.01 mg/g, color intensity of 1,193 ± 0.00, moisture content of 5,09 %±0.32, yield 25,93%±0.96, water solubility 50.59%±3.59, antioxidant 0,62±0,00 mg/g, and pH 8,3. Heating temperature treatment can maintain anthocyanin levels, color intensity and antioxidants at temperatures of 55 ℃ and 70 ℃. For pH treatment it can maintain anthocyanin levels, color intensity and antioxidants at pH 6 and 8.

Item Type: Thesis (Bachelor)
Creators:
CreatorsNIMEmail
Oetomo, Marchelo SetyawanNIM01034180046marchelo.huang@gmail.com
Contributors:
ContributionContributorsNIDN/NIDKEmail
Thesis advisorHandayani, Ratna0311097601UNSPECIFIED
Uncontrolled Keywords: antosianin, bunga Telang, mikroenkapsulasi, spray Dry, stabilitas
Subjects: T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP368-456 Food processing and manufacture
Divisions: University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Food Technology
Current > Faculty/School - UPH Karawaci > Faculty of Science and Technology > Food Technology
Depositing User: Marchelo Setyawan Oetomo
Date Deposited: 23 Aug 2023 06:50
Last Modified: 23 Aug 2023 06:50
URI: http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/57913

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