Pemanfaatan kulit melinjo merah dalam pembuatan minuman fermentasi antihiperurisemia pada tikus wistar = Utilization of red melinjo peel as antihyperurisemic fermented beverage on wistar rats

Chen, Dellia (2020) Pemanfaatan kulit melinjo merah dalam pembuatan minuman fermentasi antihiperurisemia pada tikus wistar = Utilization of red melinjo peel as antihyperurisemic fermented beverage on wistar rats. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.

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Abstract

Kulit melinjo merah mengandung senyawa bioaktif berupa fenolik dan flavonoid yang dapat berperan sebagai antihiperurisemia. Ekstraksi kulit melinjo merah dengan etil asetat selama 30 jam menghasilkan rendemen sebesar 1,88%. Identifikasi senyawa bioaktif ekstrak etil asetat dengan LC-MS menunjukkan adanya kandungan phytosphingosine, 3-O-ethyl-l-ascorbic acid, dimethyl itaconate, carboxy xanthone, sulfanyl acetamide, wedelolactone, glucopyranoside, dan oleoylethanolamide yang berperan sebagai antimikroba, antiinflamasi, dan antihiperurisemia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas pemberian minuman fermentasi terhadap penurunan kadar asam urat dalam serum dan urine, fungsi hati (SGOT dan SGPT), serta fungsi ginjal (BUN dan kreatinin) tikus wistar. Minuman fermentasi dibuat dengan dua faktor perlakuan, yaitu penambahan susu skim sebesar 4, 6, 8, 10% dan rasio bakteri asam laktat (BAL) Lactobacillus acidophilus: Streptococcus thermophilus: Lactobacillus casei dengan perbandingan 1:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:1:2, dan 2:1:1. Minuman fermentasi dengan susu skim 4%, BAL 1:1:1, ekstrak kulit melinjo 2%, dan gula 5% dipilih berdasarkan nilai pH, TAT, dan total BAL. Minuman fermentasi terpilih diaplikasikan kepada tikus wistar jantan selama 21 hari. Pemberian minuman fermentasi menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar asam urat dalam serum dan urine sebesar 25,32% dan 38,39%. Pemberian allopurinol dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat dalam serum dan urine sebesar 54,97% dan 60,45%. Nilai SGOT, SGPT, dan BUN tikus wistar berada dalam kondisi normal, sedangkan nilai kreatinin berada di atas batas normal. / Melinjo peel contains bioactive compounds such as fenolic and flavonoid that act as antihyperuricemic. Extraction melinjo peel using ethyl acetate for 30 h yield 1,88% extract. Identification bioactive compounds in melinjo peel extract using LC-MS results the presence of phytosphingosine, 3-O-ethyl-l-ascorbic acid, dimethyl itaconate, carboxy xanthone, sulfanyl acetamide, wedelolactone, glucopyranoside, dan oleoylethanolamide act as antimicrobial, antiinflamatory, and antihyperuricemic. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of melinjo peel fermented beverage on serum and urine uric acid levels, SGOT, SGPT, BUN, and creatinine value of Wistar male rats. Fermented beverage was made based on two factor treatment, those were skim milk 4, 6, 8, 10% and lactic acid bacteria ratio (Lactobacillus acidophilus: Streptococcus thermophilus: Lactobacillus casei) 1:1:1, 1:2:1, 1:1:2, ans 2:1:1. Fermented beverage with 4% skim milk, ratio LAB 1:1:1, 2% melinjo peel extract , and 5% sugar was chosen based on pH value, total titratable acidity, and total lactic acid bacteria. Fermented beverage was given to Wistar rats for 21 days. The results showed that melinjo peel fermented beverage could decrease the uric acid in serum and urine for 25,32% and 38,39%. Allopurinol could decrease the uric acid in serum and urine for 54,97% and 60,45%. SGOT, SGPT, and BUN value of Wistar rats was normal, whereas the creatinine value was above the normal range.

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