Noviana, Noviana (2025) Pertanggungjawaban developer atas objek jaminan dalam perjanjian kredit kepemilikan rumah (studi putusan nomor 1290 k/pdt.sus-pailit/2020). Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
Kredit kepemilikan rumah (KPR) merupakan layanan pembiayaan yang disediakan perbankan untuk membantu masyarakat memperoleh tempat tinggal, sesuai dengan amanat Pasal 28H ayat (1) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Pada praktiknya, pengajuan KPR mensyaratkan adanya jaminan berupa sertifikat hak milik. Namun, dalam kasus PT Nusuno Karya, konsumen hanya memperoleh agunan dalam bentuk covernote yang dikeluarkan oleh notaris. Covernote tidak memiliki kekuatan pembuktian sempurna dan tidak diatur secara eksplisit dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepastian hukum penggunaan covernote dalam perjanjian KPR serta pertanggungjawaban developer ketika dinyatakan pailit, sebagaimana dalam Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1290 K/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2020 dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif-empiris yang pendekatannya melalui judicial case study. Data diperoleh dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier, dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Penelitian ini didasari oleh teori kepastian hukum menurut Sudikno Mertokusumo dan teori pertanggungjawaban hukum dari Hans Kelsen. Hasil penelitian dan analisis menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan covernote sebagai objek jaminan dalam KPR tidak menjamin kepastian hukum bagi konsumen maupun bank. Covernote bersifat sementara dan hanya merupakan pernyataan dari notaris mengenai proses administrasi sertifikat pembebanan hak yang masih berjalan. Dalam kasus PT Nusuno Karya, developer hanya memberikan covernote tanpa menyerahkan sertifikat asli kepada bank. Sertifikat yang telah dipecahkan tersebut justru diagunkan kepada bank lain. Hal ini menimbulkan kerugian pada konsumennya yang telah menjalani kewajiban KPR, namun tidak memperoleh kepastian atas keberadaan sertifikat rumahnya. Tindakan ini merupakan wanprestasi dan pelanggaran terhadap asas kepastian hukum yang dilandaskan pada perjanjian pengikatan jual beli antara konsumen dengan developer, dimana developer telah melanggar Pasal 7 huruf a dan b Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen (UUPK). Sehingga, developer memiliki kewajiban untuk bertanggungjawab berdasarkan Pasal 19 UUPK. Hal ini jika tidak dilaksanakan oleh developer, maka konsumen dapat mengugat ke Badan Perlindungan Konsumen Nasional (BPKN) sebagaimana sesuai ketentuan Pasal 23 UUPK. / Home Ownership Credit (KPR) is a financing service provided by banks to assist society in obtaining residence. As in the mandate of Clause (1) in Article 28H, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. In the practice, the submission of KPR requires the existence of guarantee in th form of ownership right sertificate. However, in the case of PT. Nusuno Karya, consumer only obtained the collateral in a form of covernote which was issued by the notary. Covernote does not have power of perfect evidence and not set explicitly in the rules of constitution. This research aims to figure out the covernote usage law certainty in the agreement of KPR followed by the developer accountability when it is stated valid, as written in the supreme court ruling number 1290K/Pdt. Sus-Pailit/2020 by applying normative-emphirical law research method that its closure through the judicial case study. The data is obtained from primary law material, secondary, and tertiary, and is analysed qualitatively. This research is based on the certainty law theory according to Sudikno Mertokusumo and accountability law theory from Hans Kelsen. The result of research and analysis show that covernote usage as an object guarantee in KPR did not guarantee the law certainty for consumer or even bank. Covernote is temporary and only a statement from notary about the administrative process of the encumbrance of rights that is still on-going. In the case of PT. Nusuno Karya, the developer only gave covernote without submitting the original certificate to bank. Certificate that has been solved actually mortgaged by the other bank. This caused loss for consumers that has undergone KPR obligation, however did not get the certainty of their house certificate. This action is default and violation of the basis of legal certainty which is based on the sale and purchase agreement between consumer and developer, which the developer has violate Article 7A and 7B Law Number 8 of the Year 1999 about Consumer Protection (UUPK). As a result, the developer has obligation to be responsible as in Article 19 UUPK. When this thing is not implemented by developer, hence consumer can sue to National Consumer Protection Agency as in the provision of Article 23 UUPK.
Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor) |
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Creators: | Creators NIM Email ORCID Noviana, Noviana NIM03051210010 noviana1282@gmail.com UNSPECIFIED |
Contributors: | Contribution Contributors NIDN/NIDK Email Thesis advisor Siahaan, Albert Lodewyk Sentosa NIDN0128089002 albert.siahaan@lecturer.uph.edu |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kredit Kepemilikan Rumah; Covernote; Pertanggungjawaban |
Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
Depositing User: | Noviana Noviana |
Date Deposited: | 21 Jul 2025 09:53 |
Last Modified: | 21 Jul 2025 09:53 |
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/69824 |