Nadya, Nadya (2024) Analisis kepastian hukum dalam penyelesaian sengketa phising di sektor perbankan yang merugikan nasabah pada Bank Panin kantor cabang Medan. Bachelor thesis, Universitas Pelita Harapan.
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Abstract
Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum atas
penyalahgunaan data nasabah pada lembaga perbankan dalam modus phising dan
penyelesaian sengketa dan pertanggungjawaban bank yang merugikan nasabah atas
pelanggaran kebocoran data nasabah Bank Panin Cabang Medan. Metode
penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah hukum normatif yang berfokus
pada penelitian peraturan perundang-undangan, keputusan pengadilan, dan prinsipprinsip hukum yang berlaku. Selain produk hukum, wawancara yang berbentuk
semi structured juga dilaksanakan sebagai data primer. Hasil penelitian dan analisis
ialah perlindungan hukum atas penyalahgunaan data nasabah dapat dilakukan
dalam 2 langkah. Secara preventif, hukum mengatur beberapa kewajiban bank
seperti membina nasabah, menyediakan dan memastikan sistem elektronik yang
baik, serta menjaga kerahasiaan informasi dan data nasabah. Secara represif, hukum
mengatur bahwa bank wajib menerima dan memproses pendapat dan keluhan dari
nasabah dan bertanggung jawab ketika terbukti kesalahan ada di pihak bank serta
nasabah juga dapat melakukan upaya penyelesaian sengketa di pengadilan maupun
di luar pengadilan. Hukum juga mengatur bahwa pelaku phising akan dikenakan
hukuman sesuai dengan unsur hukum yang dilanggarnya yaitu penipuan,
pemalsuan surat, penerobosan, dan pencurian. Dari wawancara yang dilakukan,
Bank Panin telah melaksanakan langkah preventif sesuai dengan yang ditentukan
oleh hukum, namun Bank Panin belum memberikan pengaturan yang jelas dalam
pelaksanaan langkah represif sesuai yang ditentukan oleh hukum. Phising dapat
terjadi ketika data nasabah bocor baik disengaja maupun tidak disengaja yang
dilakukan oleh pihak bank ataupun dari nasabah sebagai bentuk kelalaiannya.
Sengketa phising dapat diselesaikan dengan terlebih dahulu mengajukan pengaduan
kepada pihak Bank yang harus didengar dan diproses keluhannya oleh pihak Bank.
Bank kemudian berkewajiban untuk melakukan investigasi terhadap pengaduan
tersebut. Apabila dari hasil investigasi tersebut terbukti bahwa kelalaian berada di
pihak Bank, maka Bank wajib bertanggung jawab atas hal tersebut sebab
berdasarkan hukum, pihak Bank yang terbukti membocorkan data nasabah yang
kemudian mengarah kepada kerugian yang dialami nasabah dapat dikenakan sanksi
administratif hingga dicabutnya ijin usaha Bank, selain itu terhadap karyawan Bank
juga dapat dikenakan sanksi pidana. Selain penyelesaian sengketa di Bank, korban
juga dapat menyelesaikan sengeketa di pengadilan, LAPS, OJK, BI, dsb. Bank
Panin menyatakan bentuk tanggung jawab mereka berupa pendisiplinan karyawan
yang memang terbukti membocorkan data nasabah dan mengakibatkan kerugian. / This research was conducted to determine the legal protections against the misuse
of customer data in banking institutions, specifically in cases of phishing, and to
explore dispute resolution and the responsibility of banks, focusing on customer
data breaches at Bank Panin's Medan Branch. The research method used is
normative legal research, focusing on laws, regulations, court decisions, and
applicable legal principles. In addition to analyzing legal documents, semistructured interviews were conducted as primary data. The study found that legal
protections against customer data misuse are provided through two approaches.
Preventively, the law requires banks to uphold several obligations, including
educating customers, maintaining a secure electronic system, and safeguarding the
confidentiality of customer information and data. Repressively, the law mandates
that banks must accept and address customer opinions and complaints, and banks
are liable when it is proven that the fault lies with them. Customers also have the
option to seek dispute resolution through legal channels, either in court or out of
court. Additionally, the law stipulates that individuals committing phishing offenses
can be penalized under laws related to fraud, forgery, trespassing, and theft.
Interviews indicated that Bank Panin has implemented preventive measures in line
with legal requirements. However, the bank lacks clear regulations for carrying out
repressive measures as stipulated by law. Phishing incidents may arise from data
leaks caused either intentionally or inadvertently by the bank or due to customer
negligence. Such disputes can be resolved by first filing a complaint with the bank,
which is then obligated to investigate. If the investigation reveals that the bank was
negligent, it must take responsibility, as banks proven to have caused customer data
leaks resulting in customer losses may face administrative sanctions or even
revocation of their business license. Furthermore, bank employees implicated in
such breaches may also be subject to criminal sanctions. Beyond bank-level dispute
resolution, affected customers may also pursue their cases in court, or through
institutions like the Financial Services Authority (OJK), Bank Indonesia (BI), or the
Alternative Dispute Resolution Institution (LAPS). Bank Panin reported that their
approach to responsibility includes disciplinary action against employees proven
to have leaked customer data and caused financial losses to customers.
Item Type: | Thesis (Bachelor) |
---|---|
Creators: | Creators NIM Email ORCID Nadya, Nadya 03051200035 Nadyatjindraa@gmail.com UNSPECIFIED |
Contributors: | Contribution Contributors NIDN/NIDK Email Thesis advisor Sitorus, Rolib NIDN0901016806 rolib.sitorus@uph.edu |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Perbankan; Phising, Kebocoran; Data Nasabah; Tanggung Jawab Bank |
Subjects: | K Law > K Law (General) |
Divisions: | University Subject > Current > Faculty/School - UPH Medan > Faculty of Law > 74201 - Department of Law Current > Faculty/School - UPH Medan > Faculty of Law > 74201 - Department of Law |
Depositing User: | Nadya Nadya |
Date Deposited: | 25 Feb 2025 03:32 |
Last Modified: | 25 Feb 2025 03:32 |
URI: | http://repository.uph.edu/id/eprint/67168 |